Wrinkled Toadlet

Wrinkled Toadlet
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1) [1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Myobatrachidae
Genus:	Uperoleia
Species:	U. rugosa
Binomial name
Uperoleia rugosa Andersson, 1916

The Wrinkled Toadlet (Uperoleia rugosa), is a small, ground-dwelling frog native to eastern Australia. It is also commonly called the Red-groined Toadlet or the Chubby Gungan.

Physical description

Thigh colouration of the Wrinkled Toadlet

The Wrinkled Toadlet is a small frog, which varies largely in size. It is smaller on the coast of eastern Australia, and larger inland, ranging from 1.8 to 3.2 centimetres (0.7-1.3 in). The dorsal surface is warty, and grey to brown, with dark markings. The ventral surface is smooth and grey. The parotoid glands and inguinal glands are large in comparison to the size of the frog, and yellowish in colour. Behind each knee, and in the groin are bright orange.

The tadpoles hatch mostly black, with a distinct gold patch behind each eye. As development continues, the gold pigment spreads, until the tadpole is mottled grey and gold.

The Wrinkled Toadlet has mostly unwebbed hands and feet, and the tympanum is not visible.

Ecology and behavior

The Wrinkled Toadlet inhabits the dry forests and grasslands of eastern Australia. The males call from within flooded grasslands any time of the year, except winter. The male's call is a high pitched click. Amplexus takes place within the flooded grassland. The male fertilizes each egg individually. The female then dives under water and attaches it to a submerged object. Each egg is attached to a different object.

References

1. ^ Jean-Marc Hero, John Clarke & Ed Meyer (2004). Uperoleia rugosa. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on January 29, 2010.

• Barker, J.; Grigg, G.C. & Tyler, M.J. (1995). A Field Guide to Australian Frogs. Surrey Beatty & Sons. ISBN 0-949324-61-2. 
• "Frogs Australia Network - Australian Frog Database - Uperoleia rugosa - Chubby Gungan". http://frogsaustralia.net.au/frogs/display.cfm?frog_id=112. Retrieved 2006-10-01. 
• "Global Amphibian Assessment - Detailed Report". http://www.globalamphibians.org/servlet/GAA?searchName=Uperoleia+rugosa. Retrieved 2006-10-01.