9th Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)

command structure
name=9th Armoured Brigade
date=1942-44
parent=10th Armoured Division
subordinate=Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry
3rd Hussars
Warwickshire YeomanryThe 9th Armoured Brigade was a British Army brigade formed during the Second World War.

The 9th Armoured Brigade was formed from the redesignation of the 4th Cavalry Brigade, a 1st Line Yeomanry (horse riding) brigade in the Territorial Army which had been part of the 1st Cavalry Division. It was converted to an armoured role on 3 August 1941 in the Middle East, and joined 10th Armoured Division.

El Alamein

During the North Africa campaign the Brigade was commanded by Brigadier J.C.Currie and fought at the Second Battle of El Alamein.

The Brigade was nominally independent, but was placed under command of 2nd New Zealand Division specifically for the El Alamein battle. The NZ infantry gained their objectives, but as with Operation Lightfoot on the first day of the battle, lanes could not be cleared through the minefields until night was almost over. 9th Armoured brigade was forced to make its attack silhouetted by the early daylight. As dawn came on November 2, tank after tank was hit by the German 88 mm guns that kept firing through seven air attacks. The 9th never made it to their objective. In fact, they took 75 percent casualties and lost 102 of their 128 tanks. Nevertheless, they breached the gun line and the British 1st Armoured Division of X Corps, under the command of Raymond Briggs, was now able to engage.

After the Brigade's action, Brigadier Gentry of the 6th New Zealand Brigade went ahead to survey the scene. On seeing Brigadier Currie asleep on a stretcher, he approached him saying, 'Sorry to wake you John, but I'd like to know where your tanks are?' Currie waved his hand at a group of tanks around him, replying 'There they are.' Gentry was puzzled. 'I don't mean your headquarters tanks, I mean your armoured regiments. Where are they?' Currie waved his arm and again replied, 'There are my armoured regiments, Bill.’ [C.E. Lucas-Phillips, "Alamein", (London: Heinemann, 1962) 358]

Nevertheless, the assault of 2nd New Zealand Division had drawn in both 15 and 21 Panzer Divisions, with the result that there was a wide gap in the Axis lines to the south west. Through this gap Montgomery pushed the remainder of his armour, breaking the Afrika Korps line and pushing westwards into its rear areas and supply lines. By 4 November the battle was won and Montgomery was entertaining the captured Afrika Korps commander, von Thoma to dinner in his caravan. [Hamilton, "Monty", 147.]

In an account of the battle published to mark its 25th anniversary, Montgomery wrote:

I must mention the magnificent fight put up by 9th Armoured Brigade - 3rd Hussars, Wiltshire Yeomanry, Warwickshire Yeomanry.... If the British armour owed any debt to the infantry of 8th army, the debt was paid on November 2nd by 9th Armoured Brigade in heroism and blood.... ["The Times", 11 May 1967.]

General Bernard Freyburg, the NZ Division's commander, also paid tribute to the gallant support provided by the brigade. [ [http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-WH2-2Doc-c7-33.html 174 — General Freyberg to the Minister of Defence | NZETC ] ]

Post Alamein

After the battle the Brigade, reduced to a handful of running tanks, was withdrawn to Syria to regroup and undertake internal security duties. In 1944 the Brigade (with the same three constituent Regiments) fought in the Italian Campaign in support of 78th Infantry Division, and the Indian 4th and 10th Infantry Divisions.

After the reformation of the Territorial Army in 1947, the Brigade was reformed as an independent brigade within Northern Command. It was almost certainly disbanded by the time the Territorial Army Volunteer Reserve formed in 1967.

command structure
name=9th Armoured Brigade
date=1947-1967?
parent=Northern Command
subordinate=Leicestershire Yeomanry, Leicester
Sherwood Rangers, Newark
Warwickshire Yeomanry, Coventry
43rd Royal Tank Regiment, Newcastle
7th Battalion, Royal Warwickshire Regiment, Coventry
9 Armoured Brigade Signals, Rugby

Further reading

The following books give a good account of what the brigade went though during Operation Supercharge

*Field Marshal Lord Carver, "El Alamein’' Wordsworth Editions Ltd; New Ed edition, 2000
*Hector Bolitho, "The Galloping Third: The story of the 3rd the King's Own Hussars", 1963

External links and references

*Graham Watson, [http://www.orbat.com/site/history/library-new/1946-1990/britishempire/ta47.html United Kingdom: The Territorial Army 1947] , v 1.0, March 10, 2002
*oob unit | id = 1426 | name = 9 Armoured Brigade