Cheilanthes

Cheilanthes
Cheilanthes parryi in a rock crevice in southern Nevada
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Pteridophyta
Class:	Polypodiopsida
Order:	Polypodiales
Family:	Pteridaceae
Genus:	Cheilanthes Sw.[1]
Type species
Cheilanthes micropteris Sw.
Species
See text
Synonyms
Allosorus Bernh. Chrysochosma (J.Sm.) Kümmerle Cincinalis Gled. ex Desv. Leptolepidium K.H.Hsing & S.K.Wu Myriopteris Fée Neurosoria Mett. ex Kuhn Oeosporangium Vis. Pomatophytum M.E.Jones[1]

Cheilanthes (lip ferns)^[2] is a genus of about 180 species of rock-dwelling ferns with a cosmopolitan distribution in warm, dry, rocky regions, often growing in small crevices high up on cliffs. Most are small, sturdy and evergreen. The leaves, often densely covered in trichomes, spring directly from the rootstocks. Many of them are desert ferns, curling up during dry times and reviving with the coming of moisture. At the ends of veins sporangia, or spore-bearing structures, are protected by leaf margins, which curl over them.

This genus is now known to be highly paraphyletic, comprising at least four generically separate groups. The type species, C. micropteris, is most closely allied to the genera Aleuritopteris and Sinopteris (Schuettpelz et al).

The genus name is derived from the Greek words χεῖλος (cheilos), meaning "lip," and ἄνθος (anthos), meaning "flower."^[3]

Cheilanthes glauca is a small fern native from Andes mountains of southern central Chile. Its habitat include rough rocky soils frequently covered by snow and windy and hot during the summer.

Selected species

Cheilanthes acrostica (Balb.) Tod. Cheilanthes adiantoides T.C.Chambers & P.A.Farrant Cheilanthes aemula Maxon – Rival lip fern Cheilanthes alabamensis (Buckley) Kunze – Alabama lip fern Cheilanthes arizonica (Maxon) Mickel – Arizona lip fern Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia H.M.Quirk & T.C.Chambers Cheilanthes bonariensis (Willd.) Proctor – Golden lip fern Cheilanthes brownii (Kuhn) Domin Cheilanthes catanensis (Cosent.) H.P.Fuchs Cheilanthes caudata R.Br. Cheilanthes cavernicola D.L.Jones Cheilanthes clevelandii D.C.Eaton – Cleveland's lip fern Cheilanthes contigua Baker Cheilanthes cooperae D.C.Eaton – Cooper's lip fern Cheilanthes covillei Maxon – Coville's lip fern Cheilanthes distans (R.Br.) Mett. – Bristly cloak fern Cheilanthes eatonii Baker – Eaton's lip fern Cheilanthes feei T.Moore – Slender lip fern Cheilanthes fendleri Hook. – Fendler's lip fern Cheilanthes fragillima F.Muell. Cheilanthes glauca (Cav.) Mett. Cheilanthes gracillima D.C.Eaton – Lace lip fern Cheilanthes guanchica Bolle Cheilanthes hirsuta (Poir.) Mett. Cheilanthes hispanica Mett. Cheilanthes horridula Maxon – Rough lip fern Cheilanthes humilis (G.Forst.) P.S.Green Cheilanthes intertexta (Maxon) Maxon – Coastal lip fern Cheilanthes intramarginalis (Kaulf. ex Link) Hook. Cheilanthes kaulfussii Kunze – Kaulfuss' lip fern Cheilanthes lanosa (Michx.) D.C.Eaton Cheilanthes lasiophylla Pic.Serm. Cheilanthes lendigera (Cav.) Sw. – Nit-bearing lip fern

Cheilanthes leucopoda Link – Whitefoot lip fern Cheilanthes lindheimeri Hook. – Lindheimer lip fern Cheilanthes maderensis Lowe Cheilanthes microphylla (Sw.) Sw. – Southern lip fern Cheilanthes micropteris Sw. Cheilanthes newberryi (D.C.Eaton) Domin – Newberry's lip fern Cheilanthes nitida (R.Br.) P.S.Green Cheilanthes nudiuscula (R.Br.) T.Moore Cheilanthes parryi (D.C.Eaton) Domin – Parry's lip fern Cheilanthes paucijuga Baker Cheilanthes peninsularis Cheilanthes peninsularis var. insularis Cheilanthes persica (Bory) Mett. ex Kuhn Cheilanthes pinnatifida D.L.Jones Cheilanthes praetermissa D.L.Jones Cheilanthes prenticei Luerss. Cheilanthes pringlei Davenport – Pringle's lip fern Cheilanthes pseudovellea (H.M.Quirk & T.C.Chambers) D.L.Jones Cheilanthes pteroides Sw. Cheilanthes pulchella Bory ex Willd. Cheilanthes pumilio (R.Br.) F.Muell. Cheilanthes sciadioides Domin Cheilanthes sieberi Kunze – Poison rock fern Cheilanthes tenuifolia (Burm.f.) Sw. Cheilanthes tinaei Tod. Cheilanthes tomentosa Link – Woolly lip fern Cheilanthes vellea (Aiton) F.Muell. Cheilanthes villosa Davenport ex Maxon – Villous lip fern Cheilanthes viscida Davenport – Viscid lip fern Cheilanthes wootonii Maxon – Beaded lip fern Cheilanthes wrightii Hook. – Wright's lip fern Cheilanthes yavapensis T.Reeves ex Windham – Graceful lip fern[2]

Formerly placed here

• Astrolepis cochisensis (Goodd.) D.M.Benham & Windham (as C. cochisensis (Goodd.) Mickel and C. sinuata var. cochisensis (Goodd.) Munz)
• Notholaena candida (M.Martens & Galeotti) Hook. (as C. candida M.Martens & Galeotti)
• Pteris lydgatei (Baker) Christ (as C. lydgatei Baker)^[4]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "Genus: Cheilanthes Sw.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-10-05. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?13099. Retrieved 2011-06-07. 
2. ^ ^{a b} "Cheilanthes". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=17432. Retrieved 2011-10-23. 
3. ^ Moran, Robbin Craig (2004). A Natural History of Ferns. Timber Press. p. 94. ISBN 9780881926675. http://books.google.com/books?id=zy1hcSGaaDAC&. 
4. ^ "GRIN Species Records of Cheilanthes". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/splist.pl?13099. Retrieved 2011-06-07. 

• "Cheilanthes Sw.". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?taxon_id=7697. 
• Flora Europaea: Cheilanthes
• Flora of North America: Cheilanthes
• Cheilanthes glauca pictures from Chilebosque.
• "lip fern." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 30 Nov 2007.