Andrew George Blair

Infobox_President
name = Andrew George Blair


imagesize = 150px
caption = Blair as a member of Wilfrid Laurier's cabinet
order = 6th Premier of New Brunswick
term_start = 1883
term_end = 1896
predecessor = Daniel L. Hanington
successor = James Mitchell
birth_date = birth date|1844|3|7|mf=y
birth_place = Fredericton, New Brunswick
Canada flagicon|Canada
death_date = death date and age |1907|1|25|1844|3|7
death_place = Ottawa, Ontario
Canada flagicon|Canada
party = Liberal
spouse = Annie Elizabeth Thompson
religion = Presbyterian|

Andrew George Blair (QC)(March 7, 1844 – January 25, 1907) was a Canadian politician in New Brunswick, Canada.

He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in 1878 after unsuccessful attempts in the previous two elections. Though Blair was a supporter of Sir John A. Macdonald's federal Liberal-Conservatives, he joined the parliamentary opposition in the legislature and, in 1879, became leader of the opposition to the Conservative government of Premier John James Fraser. He molded the disparate opposition into the modern Liberal Party of New Brunswick, instituting party platforms or manifestos. He launched the first province-wide political campaign in an era when campaign had been run largely on a constituency basis. He took the party to power in 1883, winning enough support in the newly-elected legislature to form a government. Blair became premier and Attorney-General.

Blair's government built a three-quarters of a mile long bridge across the Saint John River, linking Fredericton with villages and factories, notably that of Boss Gibson, on the other side of the river. His government also went to court to win the right to grant liquor licenses. He also extended the franchise, which had been exclusively male, to widows and unmarried women who owned property. He was opposed, however, to universal female suffrage. His government also abolished the Legislative Council (the legislature's Upper House).

The Liberal government almost lost the 1889 election but was able to stay in power with the support of independent Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Blair lost his own seat in the 1892 election, due to Protestant opposition to his policy of accommodating Acadians and other Catholics. Blair had appointed several Acadians and other Catholics to his cabinet and other government positions. Blair was able to re-enter the house through a by-election.

After leading his party to a major electoral victory in 1895, Blair left provincial politics in 1896 when he was appointed minister of railways and canals in the federal Cabinet of Liberal Prime Minister Wilfrid Laurier. He entered the Canadian House of Commons in an 1896 by-election, and was re-elected in the 1900 election.

In 1901, Blair's daughter Bessie drowned in the Ottawa River; Henry Harper dove in to try to rescue her, but drowned as well.

Blair resigned from the government in July 1903 in opposition to Laurier's plan to build the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway.

In order to prevent him from becoming a major opposition figure, Laurier appointed Blair to head the Board of Railway Commissioners in December 1903, taking Blair out of active politics and out of the House of Commons. However, Blair resigned from the Board sixteen days before the 1904 election in order to campaign against Laurier. He withdrew from the campaign, however, after discussions with Laurier.

He died on January 25, 1907 of a heart attack and was buried in the Beechwood Cemetery in Ottawa, Ontario.

External links

* [http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=6564 Biography at the "Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online"]
* [http://www.gnb.ca/legis/leglibbib/Special_Projects/premiers-bios/english/AGBlair.pdf Biography, Government of New Brunswick]