USS Capricornus (AKA-57)

USS "Capricornus" (AKA-57/LKA-57) was an "Achernar" class attack cargo ship named after the southern constellation "Capricornus."

"Capricornus" (AKA-57) was launched 14 August 1943 as "Spitfire" by Moore Dry Dock Co., Oakland, Calif., under a Maritime Commission contract; sponsored by Mrs. J. E. Mock; acquired by the Navy 25 November 1943; placed in partial commission the same day; decommissioned 29 November 1943 and converted by Willamette Iron and Steel Corp., Portland, Oreg.; and commissioned in full 31 May 1944, Commander B. F. McGuckin, USNR, in command.

"Capricornus" made two voyages to carry cargo between San Pedro, Calif., and Hilo, Hawaii, from 22 July to 19 August 1944, then sailed by way of Eniwetok and Manus for the invasion of Leyte. Cruising with the Southern Attack Force, she entered the Gulf uneventfully, began landing her cargo in the first landings on 20 October, and worked furiously under enemy air attack to complete unloading and withdraw. Safely underway on 24 October, she withdrew to Hollandia, then sailed to Wakde, where she loaded Army reinforcements. As she steamed north to bring her reinforcements to Leyte, there were several air raid alerts on 13 November, and "Capricornus" joined in splashing the lone torpedo plane which attacked her group. She returned from Leyte to Manus 19 November to take part in rehearsals for the invasion of Lingayen Gulf.

Clearing Manus in TF 79's Attack Group "Baker" for Lingayen, "Capricornus" with her group came under desperate enemy air attack at sunset on 8 January 1945, when a kamikaze severely damaged USS Kitkun Bay (CVE-71). As scattered individual enemy aircraft continued to attack, "Capricornus"' guns joined in driving them away. The landings took place on schedule 9 January, although sporadic attacks by Japanese aircraft and small ships continued. Just before sunrise the next day, "Capricornus" was straddled by two bombs close aboard, spraying her with shrapnel, but no serious damage was inflicted. "Capricornus" returned to Leyte Gulf 13 January and continued to support Philippine operations, landing troops and equipment at San Antonio on 26 January, and servicing landing craft. She sailed out of Leyte Gulf 27 March, bound for the beaches of Okinawa.

In the grey dawn of 1 April 1945, "Capricornus" arrived at the invasion scene, laden primarily with ammunition. For the next 8 days, her men labored to deliver her priority cargo, while manning antiaircraft guns almost continually as furious Japanese air attacks were hurled at the invasion forces. Night retirements, and days off the beaches were the rule until 9 April, when she cleared for Seattle, Wash., and overhaul.

"Capricornus" sailed from San Francisco 2 June 1945 with cargo for Eniwetok, Guam, and Espiritu Santo, at which island she heard the word of Japanese surrender. Carrying occupation troops, she stood in to Nagasaki 23 September, then sailed to Manila and Hong Kong to load Chinese troops for the reoccupation of Northern China. Similar support of the occupation continued until 11 December when she arrived at Seattle.

Between 8 February 1946 and 2 November 1947, "Capricornus" carried cargo on four voyages to the Far East, and on 16 November sailed for Norfolk, Va. Here she was placed out of commission in reserve 30 March 1948.

With the expansion of the fleet dictated by the outbreak of the Korean War, "Capricornus" was recommissioned 12 October 1950. Through 1960, she operated from Norfolk in training and exercises in Chesapeake Bay and in the Caribbean, along with five periodic deployments to the Mediterranean for service with the 6th Fleet. Notable in her operations have been her rescue and salvage assistance to the burning USS Searcher (YAGR-4) on 13 November 1955, followed by the difficult towing of the rescued ship to Brooklyn for repairs. In July 1958, "Capricornus" supported the landing of Marines in Lebanon which forestalled a serious Middle Eastern eruption.

She was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 January 1977, transferred to MARAD and put into the National Defense Reserve Fleet, James River. She was reported scrapped in Spain on 16 May 1985 [cite web |url= http://www.pmars.imsg.com/detail.asp?Ship=809 |title= MARAD - RECORD OF SHIP SALES - CAPRICORNUS |accessdate= 2006-09-30] .

"Capricornus" received four battle stars for World War II service.

References

External links

* [http://www.history.navy.mil/danfs/c3/capricornus.htm Naval Historical Center: USS "Capricornus"]
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/10/02057.htm NavSource Online: AKA-57 "Capricornus"]
* [http://hometown.aol.com/dtlongo/USSCAPRICORNUS.html USS "Capricornus" web site]
* [http://unitpages.military.com/unitpages/unit.do?id=200315 Military.com: USS "Capricornus"]
* [http://ussrankin.org/id352.htm 51 Years of AKAs]