Misogi

Night misogi under a waterfall at Tsubaki Grand Shrine

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Misogi (禊^?) is a Japanese mountain ascetic practice of ritual purification. This may be undertaken through exhaustive activities such as extended periods without sleep, breath training,^[1] standing under waterfalls, or other methods. Water-misogi may be likened to dousing practices.

There are several different groups practicing misogi in Japan, perhaps one of the best known is the Sen Shin tei Misogi Well at the Ki Society Headquarters in Japan, where people perform misogi with cold water before sunrise. Another well known group is under the Tsubaki Great Shrine in Mie prefecture. Misogi is performed under an outdoor waterfall mornings and evenings. In Kyoto, people douse themselves under Kiyomizu Temple's Otowa no taki, (Sound-of-Wings) waterfall, although the majority of visitors drink from the waters rather than plunging into them.^[2] Every year, many groups take pilgrimages to sacred waterfalls, lakes and rivers, either alone or in small groups, to perform misogi. Mount Ontake, the Kii mountain range and Mount Yoshino are but a few examples of ancient and well known areas for Misogi in Japan.

Before encountering misogi, members generally undergo some sort of preliminary purification. Such things as prayers, fasting, or some sort of physical activity is common. Generally, women put on a special white kimono and a headband and men put on a fundoshi (loin cloth) and head band. They then begin furitama (降り魂) or "spirit shaking" by clenching their hands in front of the stomach and shaking them up and down, vibrating the upper torso. The purpose of this is to become aware of/unified with the spirit's presence within. Following this is a "warm-up" or calisthenics (tori-fune 鳥船 or "bird boat" rowing). These two aforementioned practices are sometimes accompanied by special prayers or incantations. After, the leader begins to speak out invocations/prayers that are said to activate the spirit. The followers generally speak along with them, thus affirming the potential for realizing one's own spirit, and thus unifying them with the kami around them.

The above exercises are done so participants raise their metabolism and some groups accompany this with deep breathing. They may be sprinkled with purifying salt and may be given sake to spit into the waterfall in three mouthfuls. Sometimes the participants are given salt to throw into the waterfall as they enter. In some groups, the leader counts to nine and then cuts the air while shouting the word "yei!" to dispel this impurity. The participants then enter the waterfall while continuously chanting the phrase "harae-tamae-Kiyome-tamae-ro-kon-sho-jo!" This phrase asks the kami to wash away the sin from the six elements that make up the human being, the five senses and the mind. The practice of this varies from group to group, each having their own traditions or methods.^[3]

Misogi is also used in some forms of martial arts, especially Aikido to prepare the mind for training and to learn how to develop your one-point, or centre. The founder of Aikido, Morihei Ueshiba regularly used this form of meditation to complement his training and search for perfection.

See also

• Preliminary Misogi Rite

References

1. ^ Mind and Morality in Nineteenth-Century Japanese Religions: Misogi-Kyo and Maruyama-Kyo By Janine Anderson Sawada Philosophy East & West V. 48 No. 1 (January 1998) pp. 108-141 Copyright 1998 by University of Hawaii Press
2. ^ Kiyomizu-dera
3. ^ Kami no Michi: The Life And Thought Of A Shinto Priest. Appendix C: Misogi and Spiritual Exercies. Guji Yukitaka Yamamoto. California State University. Retrieved 2011-11-14.

Further reading

• Fisher, Mary Pat. Living Religions. 5th ed. : Prentice Hall.