Istvaeones

The Istvaeones, also called Istaevones, Istriaones, Istriones, Sthraones, Thracones, Rhine Germans and Weser-Rhine Germans ("Istwäonen", "Weser-Rhein-Germanen" in German), were a West Germanic cultural group or proto-tribe. Their name was recorded in "Germania" by Tacitus, a Roman historian, in the 1st century AD, who categorized them as one of the tribes of the sons of Mannus and labelled them as those tribes who were neither Ingvaeones nor Irminones. The Istvaeones were the tribe of Istaev, son of Mannus. They dwelt around the Atlantic coast (modern day Netherlands, Belgium and northern France) as well as the Rhine and Weser river systems from perhaps 500 BCE, until the differentiation of localized Teutonic tribes (Chatti, Hessians, Franks) in that region circa 250 CE. There is also evidence some of them merged with the North Sea Germans (Ingvaeones).

Jacob Grimm in the book "Deutsche Mythologie" urged that "Iscaevones" was the correct form, partly because it would connect the name to an ancestor figure in Norse mythology named Ask, and partly because in Nennius where the name "Mannus" is corrupted as "Alanus", the ancestor of the Istaevones appears as "Escio" or "Hisicion". There the sons of this figure are, fantastically, from Frankish tradition, Francus, Romanus, Alamanus, and Bruttus, the supposed ancestors of the Franks, Latins, Germans and Britons. This seems to reflect Frankish desire to connect the Franks with the people they ruled.

References

* Grimm, Jacob (1835). "Deutsche Mythologie" (German Mythology); From English released version "Grimm's Teutonic Mythology" (1888); Available online by Northvegr © 2004-2007: [http://www.northvegr.org/lore/grimmst/015_02.php Chapter 15, page 2] -; [http://www.northvegr.org/lore/grimmst/015_03.php 3] . File retrieved 09-26-2007.
* Tacitus. "Germania" (1st Century AD). (in Latin)