Wroughton

infobox UK place

country = England
official_name= Wroughton
latitude= 51.5254

longitude= -1.7916

population = 7,047
shire_district= Swindon
shire_county=Wiltshire
region= South West England

constituency_westminster= Swindon South
post_town= SWINDON
postcode_district = SN4
postcode_area= SN
dial_code= 01793
os_grid_reference= SU145807

Wroughton is a large village in Wiltshire in the South West England region of the UK. It is part of the Borough of Swindon and is situated some 4 miles southeast of Swindon. The older name for the village is Ellendune ("Ellendun"). In the 2001 census the village had a population of 7,047 Cite web|url=http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?id=299|title=Wroughton Census Information|accessdate=2006-12-19|publisher=Wiltshire County Council|work=Wiltshire Community History] , thus large enough to be regarded as a small market town.

History

The earliest evidence of human presence in the area is from the Mesolithicperiod,Cite web|url=http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/wroughton/documents/Env/A_NMSI%20Environmental%20Statement%20Report.pdf|title=Site History|accessdate=2006-12-19|publisher=Ove Arup & Partners Ltd|year=2005|author=National Museum of Science and Industry|work=NMSI Wroughton - Environmental Statement|format=PDF] although this is fairly limited. More significant evidence of settlement and occupation in the area is available for the Neolithic period, most notably due to the extensive ritual complex at Avebury (6 miles to the south) and scattered finds in the locality. The earliest archaeological evidence from within Wroughton dates from the Roman period (AD 43-410), showing a period of intensive settlement and farming in the area. Occupation of the area continued into the early Middle Ages (AD 410-1066) when two battles are understood to have taken place in the area: Breahburh (AD 567), thought to have been fought by Ceawlin of Wessex on the slopes of Barbury Hill, and Ellandun(AD 825) at Elcombe Hall. Burial sites in the vicinity are believed to be associated with these battles.

Until the 19th century it was nothing but a mere country village. Wroughton is most prominent for its connection to The Ridgeway (which its secondary school is named after), a National Trail which is often related to the ancient Uffington White Horse.

In 1874, the village celebrated for two days after the horse "George Frederick" which was stabled in the High Street, won the Epsom Derby.Cite web|url=http://archive.thisiswiltshire.co.uk/2003/11/24/133677.html|title=Fledgling flats with a pedigree|accessdate=2006-12-19|publisher=Swindon Advertiser|year=2003|author=Mathias, Shirley] The horse and its trainer, Tom Leader, who was born in Wroughton, were escorted from Swindon railway station by a brass band and received in the village which had declared all of its pubs to be open houses and provided free beer for the occasion.cite book | title=A Swindon Retrospect 1855-1930| last=Large| first=Frederick| date=1970| edition =Fourth Edition|publisher=S.R. Publishers| location=United Kingdom| id=ISBN 0-85409-592-6]

Wroughton Feast

During the period of 1855-1930, Wroughton was home to the annual Feast. This was a week long summer fair attended by local farmers and residents from North Wiltshire taking place during the school holidays.

It featured amongst other events "A Programme of Horse, Pony, Donkey and Foot racing. Climbing the greasy pole..."cite book | title=A Swindon Retrospect 1855-1930| last=Large| first=Frederick| date=1970| edition =Fourth Edition|publisher=S.R. Publishers| location=United Kingdom| id=ISBN 0-85409-592-6] The prize for the latter being a leg of mutton attached to the end of the pole.

The rear of the Three Tuns public house was the congregation point for this and all local fairs of the time, to the extent that a grandstand was built in the field.cite book | title=A Swindon Retrospect 1855-1930| last=Large| first=Frederick| date=1970| edition =Fourth Edition|publisher=S.R. Publishers| location=United Kingdom| id=ISBN 0-85409-592-6]

The Chief Event of the Feast was the "Champion Gip Fight",cite book | title=A Swindon Retrospect 1855-1930| last=Large| first=Frederick| date=1970| edition =Fourth Edition|publisher=S.R. Publishers| location=United Kingdom| id=ISBN 0-85409-592-6] a bare-knuckle boxing competition between Gypsy clans.

Frederick Large, in his book "A Swindon Retrospect 1855-1930" comments: "At Wroughton Feast, an annual festivity that lasted a whole week, it was the custom for many years for "the champion gip" to fight the best man who could be produced, for a purse of gold. The venue was the paddock at the back of the Three Tuns tavern, where the usual paraphernalia of fairs used to congregate in full force. The Feast always took place in the summer at a time which included a week of our school holidays. I was not more than seven or eight years of age when, without my parents' consent, I wandered over to Wroughton ... This annual event always commenced on a Sunday evening by friends and neighbours from Swindon, Wroughton and neighbouring villages congregating at the Three Tuns, where, crowded inside and out, large quantities of beer and spirits were consumed. A miniature grand stand was erected for Feast Week in an orchard adjoining the paddock, upon which many of the elite of the neighbourhood, both ladies and gentlemen, occupied seats, and indulged freely in choice fruits and refreshments." Cite web|url=http://www.localhistory.co.uk/ambra/txtwi/wi0005.htm|title=A Swindon Retrospect 1855-1930 (extract)|accessdate=2006-12-13|publisher=localhistory.co.uk|year=1931|author=Frederick Large] Over the years, the Feast was gradually toned down and became a village tea party before being abandoned as an annual event.

chools

The Ridgeway School was formed in 1967 as Wiltshire's first purpose-built comprehensive school. It educates around 1500 children in the 11-18 age range, with catchment area comprising Wroughton itself along with Bishopstone, Hinton Parva , Wanborough, Liddington, Coate, Badbury, Chiseldon, Hodson, Bassett Down, Uffcott, Broad Hinton and Winterbourne Bassett. Some children from West Swindon are also eligible to attend, [ name="ridgeway">Cite web|url=http://www.ridegewayschool.com|title=Ridgeway School website|accessdate=2007-01-11]

Trivia

Wroughton is sometimes claimed to be the largest village in the UK.

Wroughton was home to RAF Wroughton which closed in 1995. The site is now known as the Science Museum Swindon (part of the National Museum of Science and Industry - NMSI) as a storage site that occasionally opens to the public. The Science Museum has ambitious plans for the site, with a project called Inspired.

Wroughton has an annual Carnival.

The Ellendune Centre is used as a sports and entertainment venue. A number of amateur entertainment and drama groups meet and perform there, including the Ellendune Entertainers and WADAMS (Wroughton Amateur Dramatic and Musical Society). This venue has one of the larger non-professional stages in the Swindon area and is used from time to time by groups such as Swindon Opera and Opus One.

Attractions

* [http://www.wroughton.com/ Wroughton Parish Church]
* The Weir field
* The Ellendune Centre
* Wroughton Leisure Centre
* National Museum of Science and Industry

References

External links

* [http://www.wroughton.gov.uk/ Parish Homepage]
* [http://www.wroughton.com/ Wroughton Parish Church]
* [http://www.wroughtoncarnival.com/ Wroughton Carnival]
* [http://www.sciencemuseumswindon.org.uk/ Science Museum Swindon]
* [http://www.wroughton.com/index.php/friends Friends of Wroughton Parish Church]
* [http://www.wroughtonjfc.co.uk/ Wroughton Junior Football Club]
* [http://www.ridgewayschool.com/ The Ridgeway School]
* [http://www.wroughtonjuniors.org/ Wroughton Junior School]