Eastwick, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Eastwick is a neighborhood in the Southwest section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It is the southwesternmost neighborhood in the city, bordering Philadelphia International Airport and the city line with Delaware County, Pennsylvania at Cobbs Creek and Darby Creek. The Elmwood Park neighborhood borders it to the northeast.

The neighborhood is named for Andrew M. Eastwick. It was largely rural until the 1920s when swampy land was dredged to create room for an airport and other large-scale uses within city limits. Much of the original housing built before the '50s lacked sewage service and other urban conveniences; residents referred to it as "The Meadows."

Residents enjoyed the ability to have a rural lifestyle within city limits; nearby creeks provided recreation in the form of swimming, bathing, and fishing. An extensive crabbing home industry was based in The Meadows.

Homes ranged from traditional single-family residences with lawns and gardens, interspered with traditional Philadelphia-style row houses; sometimes, these two housing styles appeared on the same block. Brick was the predominant material used in construction. Homes were constructed from a period of the early 1800's up to the Second World War, when a shortage of materials caused new construction to cease.

The city of Philadelphia, which had been under Republican control in the 1940s, shifted toward reform Democrats in the 1950s, who pushed a vision of community redevelopment. In some ways, this was partially derived from existing Republican policies.

During the late 1940s, city planners began to view Eastwick's vast and relatively open spaces as a potential solution to the prblem of residential displacement from redevelopment projects in largely black sections of North and West Philadelphia. In 1949, the (Philadelphia Redevelopment Authority) argued that low-income blacks in these areas could be relocated to a new, planned community in Eastwick that, in the words of one commentator, "would not only siphon off the black overflow but would be a low visibility cul-de-sac into which the burgeoning Negro population could be stuffed." (McKee 552)

This approach may have ultimately led to the Authority's 1951 description of the area as "predominantly open land" despite the more than 19,000 residents, 72 percent of whom owned their own homes. (McKee 549) Indeed, opposition to the redevelopment among residents was widespread. In 1958, Art Peters wrote in the Philadelphia Tribune:

Negro and white residents of Eastwick are fighting together for what they call the "common cause." The common cause, as they see it, is to prevent at any cost the planned redevelopment of Eastwick. Almost to a man, the Eastwick residents agree that the planned redevelopment of their community will cause segregated housing in Eastwick, which for years has been thoroughly integrated and which its citizens wish to remain integrated. (quoted in McKee 556)

In 1958, Eastwick was declared the largest urban renewal project in the country, with the Korman Company making plans to replace the "poorly-maintained and blighted homes" with newer, suburban-style construction in the 1960s and 70s. As Guian A. McKee writes in his study of Eastwick, the new development came at the expense of the existing community.

The pursuit of these goals brought an attendant element of tragic irony, as the project required the destruction of the area's unique existing community, which, unlike most of Philadelphia during this period, was already racially integrated. (McKee 547)

Much of the planned housing was never built, although widescale destruction of existing homes was implemented and many residents were forced to relocate. At a later date, a limited amount of new housing was constructed, but the Korman Company had little involvement and reason for which the neighborhood was destroyed was not fulfilled in any meaningful manner. Such housing as was built was in the newer, suburban style housing and collectively known as New Eastwick while the very few older houses are known as Old Eastwick. The neighborhood was one of only three in Philadelphia that grew in population between 1970 and 1990. (McKee 563)

The Heintz National Wildlife Refuge extends from Eastwick to Tinicum Township, Pennsylvania. Eastwick contains a large industrial area where manufacturing and distributing uses take advantage of proximity to the Airport, Interstate 95, and Center City Philadelphia. There are many gas tank farms, oil refineries, and a sewage treatment plant. The area offers affordable land for industrial uses at reportedly "one-third the cost of outlying suburbs" while enabling companies to remain in the city where employees can utilize public transit [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B02E6D9163AF932A35751C0A96E958260&sec=&pagewanted=print] . The Route 36 SEPTA Subway-Surface Lines runs through the neighborhood, terminating at Eastwick (Subway-Surface station).

The neighborhood has been the site of controversy for a number of issues. Some blocks are located in a flood plain, leading to flooded, abandoned homes and vacant lots that are often used for illegal dumping. Issues of environmental regulation and brownfields cleanup have also figured into the history of Eastwick. The Philadelphia metropolitan area's main post office, formerly housed next to 30th Street Station, moved to a larger, auto-oriented facility in Eastwick in 2006. This move was long criticized by neighborhood groups.

Demographics

As of the censusGR|2 of 2000, there were 14,424 people residing in the neighborhood. The racial makeup was 36.70% White, 57.47% African American, 2.68% Asian, and 0.69% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.91% of the population. The median income for a household in the neighborhood was $33,320.

References

*McKee, Guian A. "Liberal Ends Through Illiberal Means: Race, Urban Renewal and Community in the Eastwick Section of Philadelphia, 1949-1990," Journal of Urban History, Vol. 27 No. 5, July 2001, pp. 547-583

External links

* [http://www.ahs.dep.state.pa.us/newsreleases/default.asp?ID=3504&varQueryType=Detail PA DEP Joins City of Philadelphia and Eastwick Community in Celebrating Cleanup Agreements] , 2005
* [http://www.philaplanning.org/plans/areaplans/eastwickbr.pdf Blight Recertification Report] , City Planning Commission, 2006
* [http://libwww.library.phila.gov/branches/history.cfm?loc=ESW Branch History] , Free Library
* [http://www.philly.com/mld/inquirer/business/14679036.htm "New postal center opens to support,"] Henry J. Holcomb, "Philadelphia Inquirer"