Yokota Air Base

Infobox Airport
name = Yokota Air Base
横田飛行場
nativename = Part of United States Pacific Air Forces (PACAF)
nativename-r = Yokota Kūgun Kichi

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image-width =
caption =
IATA = OKO
ICAO = RJTY
type = Military
owner =
operator =
city-served =
location =
elevation-f = 463
elevation-m = 141
coordinates = Coord|35|44|55|N|139|20|55|E|type:airport
website =
metric-elev = yes
metric-rwy = yes
r1-number = 18/36
r1-length-f = 11,000
r1-length-m = 3,352
r1-surface = Paved
stat-year =
stat1-header =
stat1-data =
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Nihongo|Yokota Air Base|横田空軍基地|Yokota Kūgun Kichi, airport codes|OKO|RJTY is a United States Air Force base located in the city of Fussa and surrounding communities in Tokyo, Japan.

The base houses 14,000 personnel. The base occupies a total area of 136,413 m² and has a 3,350 m runway. Among its facilities are the broadcast center for the American Forces Network Tokyo radio service and a detachment of PACAF's Band of the Pacific.

Units

The host unit at Yokota is the 374th Airlift Wing and is currently used for airlift missions throughout East Asia. The 374th includes four groups: operations, mission support, maintenance and medical. Each group manages a various number of squadrons in order to carry out the wing's mission.

* 374th Operations Group (Tail Code: YJ)
The 374th Operations Group maintains a forward presence by providing rapid responsive movement of personnel, equipment and operational support in the Asia-Pacific region. The group consists of:
** 374th Operations Support Squadron
** 36th Airlift Squadron ((Lockheed C-130H2 Hercules)
** 459th Airlift Squadron (Bell UH-1N Iroquois (Huey)), (C-12J Huron) [ [http://www.yokota.af.mil/news/story_print.asp?id=123059826 Yokota AB News] ]

It is not uncommon to see a C-5, KC-10, DC-8, C-17, L-100, ATA L-1011s and cargo 747s on the Transient Aircraft ramp.
* 374th Maintenance Group
The 374th Maintenance Group maintains C-130H2, C-12 and UH-1N aircraft supporting intratheater airlift and distinguished visitor transport for Pacific Air Forces.

* 374th Mission Support Group
The 374th Mission Support Group is responsible to the 374th Airlift Wing Commander for command, control and direction of support activities to 374 AW and 32 tenant units to include HQ US Forces Japan and Fifth Air Force.

* 374th Medical Group
The 374th Medical Group, ensures medical readiness of 374 AW, 5 AF, and US Forces Japan personnel. They also maintain 64 War Reserve Materiel projects, including the USAF's largest Patient Movement Item inventory.

* Associate/Tenant Units
** U.S. Forces, Japan (USFJ)
** Fifth Air Force (5AF)
** 730th Air Mobility Squadron
** Air Force Band of the Pacific-Asia
** Stars & Stripes
** American Forces Network

AMC Passenger Terminal

The newly-renovated Air Mobility Command (AMC) Passenger Terminal is located on the main part of the base next to the flightline. It is a 5 to 7-minute walk from the Kanto Lodge (see below) and offers Space-Available flights to various destinations in PACAF such as Singapore, Korea, Hawaii, Guam, as well as the Continental United States.

History

Major Commands

* 1st Cavalry Division, United States Army Forces Pacific, (September 1945)
* Pacific Air Command US Army, (September 1945 - January 1947)
* Far East Air Forces (January 1947 - July 1957)
* Pacific Air Forces (July 1957 - Present)

Base Operating Units

* 384th Service Group (September 1945 - April 1946)
* 7th Air Service Group (April 1946 - April 1947)
* 29th Air Service Group (April 1947 - August 1948)
* 3d Bombardment Wing (August 1948 - April 1950)
* 35th Fighter-Interceptor Wing (April - August 1950)
* 3d Bombardment Wing (August - December 1950)
* 6161st Air Base Wing (December 1950 - October 1954)
* 35th Fighter-Interceptor Wing (October 1954 - July 1957)
* 6102d Air Base Wing (July 1957 - January 1964)
* 6441st Tactical Fighter Wing (January 1964 - January 1968)
* 347th Tactical Fighter Wing (January 1968 - May 1971)
* 475th Air Base Wing (November 1971 - April 1992)
* 374th Airlift Wing (April 1992 - Present)

Major USAF Units Assigned

* 20th Combat Mapping Group (1945-46)
* 8th Reconnaissance Group (1946-47)
* 3d Bombardment Wing (1946-50, 1960-64)
* 71st Tactical Reconnaissance Group (1948-49)
* 35th Fighter-Interceptor Wing (1950, 1954-57)
* 98th Bombardment Wing (1950 - 1954)
* 91st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron (1950 - 1954)
* 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing (1956-60)
* 41st Air Division (1957-68)
* 40th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron (1961-62)
* 51st Weather Reconnaissance Squadron (1951-72)***
* 421st Air Refueling Squadron (1953-65)
* 65th Military Airlift Group (1967-72)
* 347th Tactical Fighter Wing (1968-71)

* 20th Operational Weather Squadron.
* 30th Airlift Squadron (Aeromedical Evacuation)

Yokota has provided support for fighter, bomber, and military airlift operations, hosting B-26 Invader, B/RB-29 Superfortress, P/F-51 Mustang, KB-50J Aerial Tankers, F-94 Starfire, B/RB-57 Canberra, C-54 Skymaster, F-86D Sabre, F-102 Delta Dagger, McDonnell Douglas F-4D Phantom II, F-100 Super Sabre, F-105 Thunderchief, C-5 Galaxy, C-141 Starlifter, and C-130 Hercules units.

.*** Assigned to 2143rd Air Weather Wing at Andersen AFB, Guam.

Operational history

The facility which houses Yokota Air Base was originally constructed by the Imperial Japanese Army in 1940 as Tama Airfield, and used as a flight test center. During World War II Yokota became the center of Japanese Army Air Forces flight test activities and the base was the site of the first meeting between Japanese and Italian wartime allies.

Postwar years

With the end of hostilities and the Japanese surrender in September 1945, a detachment of the United States Army 1st Cavalry Division arrived at the base on 4 September. The 1st Cav named the facility Fussa Army Airfield, then renamed it Yokota Army Airfield at the end of September.

The initial USAAF use for the base was for airlift operations when the 2d Combat Cargo Group arrived with four C-47 Skytrain squadrons. When the old runway deteriorated under heavy usage, the runway was repaired and Yokota supported operations of the Douglas A-26 Invader-equipped 3d Bombardment Group by August 1946. Additional construction during the 1940s and 1950s was completed and the base reached its current size around 1960.

On the occasion of extension, the course of Hachiko Line and national highway Route 16 was changed, and Itsukaichi highway was divided. During the initial postwar occupation years, Yokota hosted the following known USAAF/USAF units:

* 20th Combat Mapping Group (October 1945 - April 1946) (F-7 (B-24) Liberator)
* 8th Reconnaissance Group (June 1946 - October 1947) (F-7 (B-24) Liberator)
* 71st Reconnaissance Group (February 1947 - April 1949)
(RB-17, RB-29, RF-51, RF-61, and RF-80)

These units performed photographic reconnaissance and mapping of Japan and South Korea.

* 6th Night Fighter Squadron (1946-47) (P-61A/B)
Deactivated and redesignated as 339th Fighter Squadron (347th Fighter Group) with F-82F/G Twin Mustangs at Nagoya AB Japan.
* 3d Emergency Rescue Squadron (July 1947 - April 1950) (SB-17G)
Flew modified B-17G bombers equipped under their bellies with a 27-foot boat (termed the A-1) that could be dropped by parachute and which contained enough food, water, and clothing for twelve survivors to last for about twenty days in the ocean.

Korean War

During the Korean War, Yokota was used for combat missions over North and South Korea. Known units based there were:

* Fighter Units
** 27th Fighter-Escort Wing (November - December 1950)
Flew F-84E Thunderjets on armed reconnaissance, interdiction, fighter escort, and close air support missions.
** 35th Fighter-Interceptor Wing (April - August 1950)
Flew Lockheed F-80Cs on air defense missions.
** 339th Fighter-All Weather Squadron (April - August 1950)
Attached to 35th Fighter-Interceptor Wing and flew F-82F/G Twin Mustang missions over South Korea during the first few months of hostilities.

* Bombardment Units
** 325th, 326th, 327th Bombardment Squadrons (92d Bombardment Group) (July - October 1950)
Deployed squadrons from Spokane AAFld (later, Fairchild AFB), Washington. Flew B-29 Bombing missions over North Korea.
** 98th Bombardment Wing (343d, 344th, 345th Bomb Squadrons) (August 1950 - July 1954)
Group, then Wing deployed from Spokane AAFld (later, Fairchild AFB), Washington. Flew B-29 Bombing missions over North Korea. Two after arriving at Yokota, the squadrons a bomb mission against marshalling yards at Pyongyang, North Korea. The 98th BG engaged primarily in interdiction of enemy communications centers but also supported UN ground forces. Interdiction targets included marshalling yards, oil centers, rail facilities, bridges, roads, troop concentrations, airfields, and military installations.

* Reconnaissance Units
** 31st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron, Photographic (July-August 1950)
Flew combat missions to provide FEAF Bomber Command with target and bomb-damage assessment photography.
** 91st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron, Medium, Photographic (December 1950 - December 1954)
Assigned to 407th Strategic Fighter Wing (1953-54) "See 91st Intelligence Squadron"
Absorbed the personnel and resources of the 31st Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron in Japan. Using RB-29, RB-45, RB-50 and RB-36 aircraft, it performed target and bomb-damage assessment photo and visual reconnaissance for FEAF Bomber Command, flew other special photographic missions, and conducted electronic "ferret" reconnaissance to determine frequency, location, and other characteristics of enemy ground radar. The squadron also performed shipping surveillance over the Sea of Japan near the Siberian coast and leaflet drops over North Korea. Beginning in late 1952, rotating aircrews of the Philippine-based 581st Air Resupply and Communications Wing augmented the 91st SRS in flying leaflet missions.
** 512th Bombardment Squadron (January - August 1950)
Operated the B/RB/WB-29 aircraft and flew weather reconnaissance missions.
** 56th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron (September 1951 - July 1972)
Replaced the 512th Bomb Squadron in their weather reconnaissance mission. They operated WB-50, WC-135B and RB-57 aircraft used to sample airborne nuclear debris as well as weather patterns in the Pacific.

Cold War

With the hostilities in Korea ending in 1953, Yokota Air Base returned to a peacetime Cold War status. Two major wings were stationed at the base during the 1950s, the 67th Reconnaissance Wing (1956-60) flying RF-80s, RF-84s and lastly RF-101s. The 35th Fighter-Interceptor Wing (1954-57) flew F-86 Sabres from the base. A Tactical Air Command air refueling unit, the 421st Air Refueling Squadron Flew KB-29s,and later KB-50Js from Yokota from 1953-65. All of these units were under the command of the 41st Air Division.

The 35th TFW was reassigned in 1957 and the 67th TRW in 1960. Worldwide DOD Budget restrictions in the late 1950s caused several PACAF wings based in Japan to be reassigned or deactivated. These tactical fighter units were replaced by the Martin B-57 equipped 3rd Bombardment Wing where it trained in bombardment, reconnaissance and aerial refueling operations. The Air Defense Command 40th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron (December 1961 - May 1962) equipped with the Convair F-102 Delta Dagger stood an air defense mission.

The 6102d Air Base Wing assumed host unit status for the base, being replaced by the 6144th TFW (both temporary units) in 1964. Military Airlift Command assigned the 65th Military Airlift Group in 1967 to operate aerial port facilities at Yokota, moving passengers and cargo though the base.

The Vietnam War resulted in an increased combat aircraft presence at the base. Yokota was used for ferrying B-52s to Southeast Asia along with being a base for US-based deployed F-105 Tactical Fighter Squadrons (35th, 36th, 80th).

The F-105 squadrons deployed frequently to USAF-operated bases in Thailand to fly combat missions over North and South Vietnam, and to South Korea for alert missions. Initially the fighter squadrons were under the command of the 6441st Tactical Fighter Wing, in 1964. With the reassignment of the 347th Fighter Wing to Yokota in 1968, the 347th assumed responsibility for all tactical fighters until its reassignment to Kunsan AB, South Korea, in March 1971.

In 1971, all combat squadrons were transferred to Kadena and Misawa Air Base and Yokota became a non-flying station hosted by the 475th Air Base Wing. The 475th had no numbered flying squadrons, but operated a few T-39 Saberliners and UH-1 helicopters, along with supporting transient MAC cargo and passenger aircraft. Assigned flying squadrons returned to Yokota in 1992 when the 374th Airlift Wing was assigned with its C-130Es and C-21 Learjets.

Headquarters, Fifth Air Force was transferred to Yokota on November 11, 1974, being transferred from Fuchu AS, Japan.

In 2005, the Japanese government announced that the headquarters of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force would be moved to Yokota.

The Tokyo Metropolitan Government has advocated opening Yokota to civilian flights, as a method of relieving traffic at Haneda and Narita Airport.

Amenities

Friendship Festival

Each year in August, Yokota Air Base opens the gates to the Japanese community for its annual Friendship Festival. For two days, local residents can learn about Yokota Air Base. Food and events are provided for all ages. Roughly 200,000 visitors show-up each year, although non-Japanese visitors may be turned-away from the gates for security reasons.

For those 2 days, visitors are able to examine many types of aircraft and even toursome of the large cargo planes from inside.

Hotels And Lodging

Kanto Lodge - DSN [phone]

The Kanto Lodge is one of PACAF's largest hotel operations. Each year, over 130,000 personnel are housed in the Kanto Lodge's eleven on-base facilities. The new, 125-room Temporary Lodging Facility (TLF) opened in the summer of 2001 .

Education

The Department of Defense Education Activity operates schools at Yokota for children of personnel assigned to the base. [ [http://www.pac.dodea.edu/aboutus/contacts/ContactSchools.htm Department of Defense Education] ]
* Joan K. Mendel Elementary School (formerly known as Yokota East Elementary School) [ [http://www.mendel-es.pac.dodea.edu/ Joan K. Mendel Elementary School] ]
* Yokota West Elementary School [ [http://www.ywes.pac.dodea.edu/ Yokota West Elementary School] ]

* Yokota Middle School [ [http://www.yokota-ms.pac.dodea.edu/ Yokota Middle School] ] : School Dedication Ceremony took place on 13 June 2000. YMS initial year began with only grades 7 and 8, with the upstairs specialty wing housing High School classes until construction modifications to YHS were competed. Class officially began August 2000.
* Yokota High School [ [http://www.yokota-hs.pac.dodea.edu/ Yokota HIgh School] ]

Higher educational opportunities for those in the military and working for the Department of Defense, as well as for family members at Yokota are available through several contracted academic institutions. For example: [ [http://www.asia.umuc.edu University of Maryland: "Asia Division"] ]
* The Asian Division of University of Maryland University College (UMUC)

The base was the setting of "Almost Transparent Blue", a best-selling novel written by Ryu Murakami and published in 1976. It is also the setting of parts of "The Yokota Officers Club : A Novel" by Sarah Bird.

Yokota Air Base Photo Gallery

Yokota Air Base Emblem Gallery

ee also

* United States Pacific Air Forces

References

Some of the text in this article was taken from pages on the [http://www.yokota.af.mil Yokota Air Base website] , which as a work of the U.S. Government is presumed to be a public domain resource. That information was supplemented by:
* Endicott, Judy G. (1999) Active Air Force wings as of 1 October 1995; USAF active flying, space, and missile squadrons as of 1 October 1995. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. CD-ROM.
* Fletcher, Harry R. (1989) Air Force Bases Volume II, Active Air Force Bases outside the United States of America on 17 September 1982. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0912799536
* Maurer, Maurer (1983). Air Force Combat Units Of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0892010924.
* Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings Lineage and Honors Histories 1947-1977. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0912799129.
* Rogers, Brian (2005). United States Air Force Unit Designations Since 1978. Hinkley, England: Midland Publications. ISBN 1-85780-197-0.

External links

* [http://www.yokota.af.mil/ Official Yokota AB Website]
* [http://www.374th-services.org/ Official 374th Services Sq Website]
* [http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/history/q0222.shtml List of USAF Tail Codes]
* [http://maps.google.com/?ie=UTF8&t=h&om=0&ll=35.74902,139.348269&spn=0.035387,0.058537 Aerial photo] by Google Maps
* [http://www.picturetokyo.com Picture Tokyo Travel Guide] As a member stationed at Yokota AB these are some of the things I have done.
* [http://www.picturetokyo.com/gallery/showgallery.php?cat=544 Yokota Gallery] Gallery of Aircraft, Friendship Festival, and Around Yokota.
* [http://yokotaalumni.egonest.com/ Yokota High School Alumni network] at Egonest----