Rationalist movement

Rationalist movement

The modern rationalist movement is a philosophical doctrine that asserts that the truth can best be discovered by reason and factual analysis, rather than faith, dogma or religious teaching. Its original roots extend at least as far back as Plato. The rationalist movement has some similarities in ideology and intent to secular humanism, in that it aims to provide a framework for social and philosophical discourse outside of religious or supernatural beliefs; it also bears philosophical similarities to atheism; however, rationalism differs from both of these in that:

* As its name suggests, secular humanism is centered on the dignity and worth of people. While rationalism is a key component of secular humanism, there is also a strong ethical component in humanism that rationalism does not extend into. As a result, being a rationalist does not necessarily mean being a humanist.

* Atheism, a disbelief or lack of belief in a God, can be on any basis, or none at all, so it doesn't require rationalism. Furthermore, rationalism does not, in itself, affirm or deny atheism, although it does reject any belief based on faith alone. Modern-day rationalism is strongly correlated with atheism, although historically this was not so. Most—if not all—prominent rationalists today, including scientists such as Richard Dawkins and activists such as Sanal Edamaruku, are atheists.

Outside of religious discussion, the discipline of rationalism may be applied more generally; for example, to political or social issues. In these cases it is the rejection of emotion, tradition or fashionable belief which is the defining feature of the rationalist perspective.

During the middle of the 20th century there was a strong tradition of organized rationalism, which was particularly influenced by free thinkers and intellectuals. In the United Kingdom, rationalism is represented by the Rationalist Press Association, founded in 1899.

Rationalism in this sense has little in common with the historical philosophy of continental rationalism expounded by René Descartes and Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz. British empiricism of the 17th and 18th Century and logical positivism of the early 20th Century, though starkly opposed to continental rationalism, are in certain respects compatible with rationalism in the present sense. Indeed, a reliance on empirical science is often considered a hallmark of modern rationalism.

Notable rationalists

In alphabetical order (by first name):
* Abraham Kovoor
* Albert Einstein
* Ali Dashti
* Anaxagoras
* Aristotle
* Barbara Smoker
* Benjamin Franklin
* Bertrand Russell
* Bill Maher
* Charles Darwin
* Colin Blakemore
* David Tribe
* Democritus
* Epicurus
* Galileo Galilei
* Gary Schwartz
* Gene Roddenberry
* Gregor Mendel
* Helena Cronin
* Henry Morgentaler
* Hermann Bondi
* Isaac Asimov
* Isaac Newton
* James Randi
* Jim Herrick
* Joseph Edamaruku
* Julian Huxley
* K. Veeramani
* Karl Popper
* Lewis Wolpert
* Nicolas Malebranche
* Nicolaus Copernicus
* Noam Chomsky
* Paul Kurtz
* Dr. Pervez Hoodbhoy
* Plato
* Prabir Ghosh
* Richard Dawkins
* Richard Leakey
* Richard Stallman
* Richard Wiseman
* Robert A. Heinlein
* Robert G. Ingersoll
* Sanal Edamaruku
* Socrates
* Stefan Molyneux
* Thomas Paine
* Steven Weinberg
* Vern Bullough
* Voltaire

See also

* Federation of Indian Rationalist Associations
* Irrationalism and Aestheticism
* Skepticism
* Deism
* Rationalist International
* Religious freedom - freedom of religion "and" belief
* Freethought
* Freedom of thought
* Golden Age of Freethought
* Objectivism

External links

* [http://www.rationalistprabir.bravehost.com Rationalist Prabir Ghosh's Website]
* [http://www.rationalistinternational.net/ Rationalist international]
* [http://www.rationalistinternational.net/home/agenda.htm "A Rationalist Agenda for the new Century" by Sanal Edamaruku]
* [http://www.rationalistinternational.net/conferences/2000/in_praise_of_rationalism.htm "In Praise of Rationalism" by Paul Kurtz]
* [http://www.atheistfoundation.org.au/humanist.htm "Differences between Humanism and Rationalism" by Nigel Sinnott]
* [http://www.rationalist.org.uk/ Rationalist Press Association]
* [http://www.iheu.org/node/349 "100 Years of Rationalism" by Jim Herrick]
* " [http://www.positiveatheism.org/hist/russell7.htm Why I am A Rationalist] " by Bertrand Russell


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Rationalist Society of Australia — The Rationalist Society of Australia (RSA) promotes the interests of rationalists nationally in Australia. It is the operational arm of the movement in Australia.The RSA publishes the Australian Rationalist . The Australian Bureau of Statistics… …   Wikipedia

  • List of sects in the Latter Day Saint movement — Contents ♦ Before 1844 ♦ Brigham Young: Mainstream LDS  · Woolley / other fundamentalists · Progressive · Miscellaneous ♦ …   Wikipedia

  • Objectivist movement — This article is about adherents to the philosophy of Ayn Rand. For modernist literary movement, see Objectivist poets. Objectivist movement …   Wikipedia

  • Brights movement — The Brights movement is a social movement that aims to promote public understanding and acknowledgment of the naturalistic world view. It was co founded by Paul Geisert and Mynga Futrell in 2003. The noun bright was coined by Geisert as a… …   Wikipedia

  • Rationalism (architecture) — Teatro Carlo Felice, designed by Aldo Rossi, who is considered the founder of neo rationalism The intellectual principles of rationalism are based on architectural theory. Vitruvius had already established in his work De Architectura that… …   Wikipedia

  • Innaiah Narisetti — was a writer and humanist. Born October 31, 1937, at Patha Reddi Palem village in Chebrolu Panchayat, Tenali Taluq, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India. He had primary schooling in Roman Catholic school at the village, and Chebrolu. Secondary… …   Wikipedia

  • Topic outline of humanism — Humanism is a broad category of active ethical philosophies that affirm the dignity and worth of all people, based on the ability to determine right and wrong by appeal to universal human qualities mdash;particularly rationalism. Humanists… …   Wikipedia

  • Abraham Kovoor — Infobox Person name = Abraham Thomas Kovoor image size = caption = birth date = birth date|1898|4|10|mf=y birth place = Thiruvalla, Kerala death date = death date|1978|9|18|mf=y death place = occupation = spouse =Abraham Thomas Kovoor (April 10… …   Wikipedia

  • RATIONALISM —    European modernist architecture of the 1920s and 1930s was defined as a functional style of construction stripped of applied decoration, whereby the intrinsic characteristics of a building s materials were brought to the forefront of its… …   Historical Dictionary of Architecture

  • Glossary of philosophical isms — This is a list of topics relating to philosophy that end in ism . compactTOC NOTOC A * Absolutism – the position that in a particular domain of thought, all statements in that domain are either absolutely true or absolutely false: none is true… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”