Joseph Ralston

Infobox Military Person
name=Joseph W. Ralston
born= birth date and age|1943|11|4
died=
placeofbirth=Hopkinsville, Kentucky
placeofdeath=
placeofburial=


caption=General Joseph W. Ralston
nickname=
allegiance=flag|United States of America
branch= air force|United States
serviceyears=1965–2003
rank= General
commands=Vice Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
unit=
battles=Vietnam War
awards= Defense Distinguished Service Medal (2) Air Force Distinguished Service Medal Legion of Merit (3) Distinguished Flying Cross (4) Meritorious Service Medal] (3) Air Medal (20) Air Force Commendation Medal (5) French Légion d'honneur German Merit Cross of the Federal Republic (Order of Merit)
relations=
laterwork=Board of Directors, URS Corporation

Joseph W. Ralston (November 4, 1943 in Hopkinsville, Kentucky) is currently the United States Special Envoy for Countering the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) and holds senior positions in various defense related corporations. He was the former Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

Career

Military career

Ralston has served in the military since 1965. He has served in operational command at squadron, wing, numbered air force and major command, as well as various staff and management positions at every level of the United States Air Force.

Ralston became Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1996 . He was favorite to become Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff in 1997, however following revelations of a secret affair he remained Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff until May 2000. He then became Supreme Allied Commander for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Europe until January 2003.

In September 2006, he was assigned as Special Envoy for Countering the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) by the President of the United States George W. Bush. [http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/biog/75277.htm] The PKK is a Kurdish separatist group designated as a terrorist organization by the United States, Turkey and the European Union.

Ralston was one of at least three retired four star generals asked by Bush administration to oversee both war in Iraq and Afghanistan. Ralston and the two other generals, however, all declined this position. [cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=3 Generals Spurn the Position of War 'Czar' |date= |publisher= |url =http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/10/AR2007041001776.html |work =Washington Post |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =]

Corporate career

He is currently director of the Timken Company and the URS Corporation, is on the Board of Directors of Lockheed Martin and has been Vice Chairman of The Cohen Group, since March 2003.cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=Biography - Joseph W. Ralston |date= |publisher= |url =http://www.lockheedmartin.com/wms/findPage.do?dsp=fec&prfr=false&ci=15607&sc=400&ti=&mm=&dd=&yy=&cpi=&bs=&es=&fti=&rsbci=15607&rsbi= |work =Lockheed Martin |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =] He also sits on the advisory board of the American Turkish Council, an American-Turkish lobby group.

Adultery

In 1997, at the retirement of John M. Shalikashvili, the then Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Ralston was the top candidate to succeed him to the highest position in the military. A scandal erupted when it became public that he had an adulterous affair with a CIA employee during the 1980s. Ralston claimed this was while he and his wife Linda were separated, however she disputed that assertion, claiming the affair continued and led to their 1988 divorce. [cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=ADULTERATED STANDARDS |date= |publisher= |url =http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,986544-1,00.html |work =Time magazine |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =]

Defense Secretary William Cohen backed Ralston despite the controversy, declaring that Ralston's secret, adulterous relationship 13 years ago wouldn't "automatically disqualify" him from becoming the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. [cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=Online NewsHour: Ralston Quits as Joint Chiefs Candidate -- June 9, 1997 |date= |publisher= |url =http://www.law.duke.edu/lens/media/ralston.html |work =Duke Law |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =] There were allegations of double standards, as the 1LT Kelly Flinn was forced out of the Air Force following after being charged with adultery a month before.

Ralston withdrew his name from consideration and remained Vice Chairman until 2000, when he was appointed Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, in which function he served from 2000 to 2003, taking over from U.S. Army general Wesley Clark. In this capacity, he was the highest-ranking officer in NATO. He retired on March 1, 2003.

Conflict of interest

Ralston holds various senior positions in defense and security-related corporations, simultaneously with his diplomatic role as "anti PKK coordinator". Critics allege Ralston is using his influence as special envoy to secure large governmental weapons contracts for the corporations he has directorship over. The "Boston Globe" described him as "an arms merchant in diplomat's clothing." [cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=An undiplomatic conflict of interest |date= |publisher= |url =http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2006/11/01/an_undiplomatic_conflict_of_interest/?p1=MEWell_Pos2 |work =Boston Globe |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =]

On 26 October 2006, the Kurdish National Congress of North America issued a press release demanding “the immediate resignation” of General Joseph Ralston:cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=Demanding the Immediate Resignation of General Ralston as Special |date= |publisher= |url =http://www.kncna.org/docs/pdf_files/KNC_PR_Demanding_Resign_of_JRalston.pdf |work =Kurdish National Congress of North America |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =]

:"Ralston’s appointment came at a time when Turkey was finalizing the sale of 30 new Lockheed Martin F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft (approx. $3 billion) and as Turkey was due to make a decision on the $10 billion purchase of the new Lockheed Martin F-35 JSF aircraft. The sale for the F-16’s was approved by the United States Congress in mid-October and Turkey’s decision in favor of the F-35 JSF was announced on October 25, shortly after Ralston’s recent stay in Ankara, ostensibly to counter the PKK."

Since the PKK insurgency began in 1983, 30,000 people have died and over 3,000 Kurdish villages have been destroyed, often by U.S. supplied planes.cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=Realism Triumphant - Arming the Usual Suspects in Turkey and India |date= |publisher= |url =http://www.gnn.tv/threads/21762/Realism_Triumphant_Arming_the_Usual_Suspects_in_Turkey_and_India |work =Guerrilla News Network |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =] Critics are concerned that hard line anti-PKK policies influenced by conflicting interests would compromise the prospects for longterm solution to the Kurdish-Turkish issue.cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=Damage Control Firm Takes Quiet Interest as Former US General Is Charged with Turkish Profiteeringontrol-firm-takes-quiet-interest-as-former-us-general-is-charged-with-turkish-profiteering/ |date= |publisher= |url =http://www.balkanalysis.com/2006/10/31/damage-control-firm-takes-quiet-interest-as-former-us-general-is-charged-with-turkish-profiteering/ |work =balkanalysis |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =]

On October 1, 2006, the PKK announced a unilateral cease-fire in south-east Turkey, a move that the Turkish government has rejected: [cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=PKK and Iraqi Kurds are 'one and the same,' Turk military believes |date= |publisher= |url =http://www.turkishdailynews.com.tr/article.php?enewsid=59560 |work =Turkish Daily News |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =] :"“The PKK had to stop fighting anyway because of the winter, but the PKK, backed by Iraqi Kurds, are acting as if this were a major political decision, not a move dictated by a practical necessity. Of course, we don’t take it seriously.”"

Speaking before the Eurasian Strategic Research Center (ASAM) in Istanbul, Ralston mirrored the Turkish government's rhetoric : [cite news |first= |last= |coauthors= |title=MYTHS ABOUT THE PKK AND THE UNITED STATES |date= |publisher= |url =http://istanbul.usconsulate.gov/ralston_091906.html |work =US Consulate Istanbul |pages = |accessdate = 2007-07-17 |language =] :"“I want to be clear on this point: The US will not negotiate with the PKK. We will not ask Turkey to negotiate with the PKK. And I pledge to you that I will never meet with the PKK.”"

Education

*1965 Bachelor of arts degree in chemistry, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
*1976 Master of arts degree in personnel management, Central Michigan University
*1976 Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
*1984 National War College, Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington, D.C.
*1989 John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts

Military statistics

Assignments

*July 1965 - August 1966, student, pilot training, Laughlin Air Force Base, Texas
*August 1966 - April 1967, student, F-105 combat crew training school, Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada
*April 1967 - October 1969, F-105 combat crew member, 67th Tactical Fighter Squadron, later 12th Tactical Fighter Squadron, Kadena Air Base, Japan
*October 1969 - December 1969, student, F-105 Wild Weasel pilot training, Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada
*January 1970 - October 1970, F-105 Wild Weasel pilot, 354th Tactical Fighter Squadron, Takhli Royal Thai Air Force Base, Thailand
*October 1970 - December 1971, F-105 Wild Weasel instructor pilot, 66th Fighter Weapons Squadron, Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada
*December 1971 - June 1973, Fighter Requirements Officer and Project Officer for F-15 and lightweight fighter programs, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Requirements, Headquarters Tactical Air Command, Langley Air Force Base, Virginia
*June 1973 - June 1975, Assistant Operations Officer, 335th Tactical Fighter Squadron, then Chief, Standardization and Evaluation Division, 4th Tactical Fighter Wing, Seymour Johnson Air Force Base, North Carolina
*June 1975 - June 1976, student, Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
*June 1976 - July 1979, Tactical Fighter Requirements Officer, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Research and Development, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C.
*July 1979 - July 1980, Operations Officer, later, Commander, 68th Tactical Fighter Squadron, Moody Air Force Base, Georgia
*July 1980 - August 1983, Special Assistant, later, Executive Officer to the commander, Headquarters Tactical Air Command, Langley Air Force Base, Virginia
*August 1983 - June 1984, student, National War College, Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington, D.C.
*June 1984 - February 1986, Special Assistant for low observables technology, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Research, Development and Acquisition, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C.
*February 1986 - March 1987, Commander, 56th Tactical Training Wing, MacDill Air Force Base, Florida
*March 1987 - June 1990, Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations, later, Deputy Chief of Staff for Requirements, Headquarters Tactical Air Command, Langley Air Force Base, Virginia
*June 1990 - December 1991, Director of Tactical Programs, Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition, Washington, D.C.
*December 1991 - July 1992, Director of Operational Requirements, Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Plans and Operations, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C.
*July 1992 - July 1994, Commander, Alaskan Command, Alaskan North American Aerospace Defense Command Region, 11th Air Force and Joint Task Force Alaska, Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska
*July 1994 - June 1995, Deputy Chief of Staff for Plans and Operations, Headquarters U.S. Air Force, Washington, D.C.
*June 1995 - February 1996, Commander, Headquarters Air Combat Command, Langley Air Force Base, Virginia
*March 1996 - April 2000, Vice Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff, Washington, D.C.
*May 2000 - 2003, Commander, U.S. European Command and Supreme Allied Commander Europe, NATO, Mons, Belgium

Flight information

*Rating: Command pilot
*Flight hours: More than 2,500
*Aircraft flown: F-105D/F/G, F-4C/D/E, F-16A and F-15A/C

Major awards and decorations

*Defense Distinguished Service Medal with oak leaf cluster
*Air Force Distinguished Service Medal
*Legion of Merit with two oak leaf clusters
*Distinguished Flying Cross with three oak leaf clusters
*Meritorious Service Medal with two oak leaf clusters
*Air Medal with 19 oak leaf clusters
*Air Force Commendation Medal with four oak leaf clusters

Other unit awards and foreign decorations include:
*Presidential Unit Citation
*Joint Meritorious Unit Award
*Outstanding Unit Award
*Organizational Excellence Award with oak leaf cluster
*Légion d'honneur ("Officier") (France) [http://www.info-france-usa.org/news/statmnts/1997/amb07019.asp]
*Merit Cross of the Federal Republic (Order of Merit)
*Order of the Cross of the Eagle, First Class (Estonia)cite web|accessdate=2008-02-25 |url=http://www.president.ee/et/vabariik/teenetem2rgid.php?gid=89301
title=Kotkaristi I klassi orden
date=February, 2006
publisher=Estonia Government]
*Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation with Palm
*Vietnam Campaign Medal with 1960 date bar

Effective dates of promotion

*Second Lieutenant Jul 24, 1965
*First Lieutenant Jan 24, 1967
*Captain Jul 24, 1968
*Major Dec 1, 1973
*Lieutenant Colonel Apr 1, 1978
*Colonel Jun 1, 1981
*Brigadier General Mar 1, 1988
*Major General Aug 1, 1990
*Lieutenant General Jul 13, 1992
*General Jul 1, 1995

Notes

References

*USGovernment|sourceURL=http://www.af.mil/bios/bio.asp?bioID=6840

External links

* [http://www.nato.int/shape/bios/saceur/ralston.htm Official SACEUR Biography]
* [http://www.cohengroup.net/team-jwr.html Cohen Group Biography]
* [http://www.cnn.com/US/9706/09/ralston.update/index.html Ralston withdraws name from consideration]