Calvary Cemetery, Milwaukee, Wisconsin

Calvary Cemetery is the oldest existing Roman Catholic cemetery in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Owned by the Archdiocese of Milwaukee, it is the final resting place for many of the city's early influential figures. The cemetery was designated a Milwaukee Landmark in 1981.

With 75 acres and approximately 80,000 interments, the Victorian landscape contains many ornate statues, crypts and monuments.

History

On November 2, 1857, a tract of 55 acres for Calvary Cemetery was consecrated by Archbishop John Henni four miles (6 km) west from the downtown area on Bluemound Road, the first road to be constructed by the Wisconsin Territory. [http://www.archmil.org/parishes/ShowParish.asp?ID=253&which=History St. Vincent Pallotti Parish history] , "Archdiocese of Milwaukee," accessed July 17, 2008.]

It was filled with the remains of the ten acre "Old Cemetery," which also contained the remains from Milwaukee's first cemetery established in the First Ward. By 1880 Calvary had 10,307 recorded burials and an additional 20 acres were added.

Both the Gothic Revival style gate house and Romanesque chapel were designed by architect Erhard Brielmaier, who also designed the Basilica of St. Josaphat. A service building was constructed sometime after 1890 in Queen Anne style using Cream City brick, a distinct light colored brick made locally. The building is still in use today.

The wooden gate house with its triumphal arch and four-story tower was completed in 1897. It is the oldest building on the grounds and was repainted in 2002 when a new storage building was built to the west.

Chapel Hill (originally Jesuit Hill) is one of the highest points in Milwaukee. It is used as a burial site for clergy and members of the various religious orders. Many of the city's early catholic churches such as the Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist, Old St. Mary's and St. Gall's (now Gesu Church) also utilize cemetery grounds. A large Calvary cross stood at the peak until it was replaced with the chapel.

The chapel was built in 1899 using Cream City brick and decorated with stone trim. An arched portico with limestone columns and a rose window set the entrance while three hemispherical apses flank the other three sides. It is crowned by an octagonal tower with a peaked roof and clerestory windows. Dedicated on All Souls Day in 1902, the chapel held mass on Memorial Day and All Souls Day until 1950, when the building's deteriorating condition made this impractical.

Archbishop Henni donated three acres of land across Bluemound Road to the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin on September 9, 1879 for a monastery and church. In exchange, they were to perform funeral services at the cemetery when parish priests were unable to attend. The cornerstone for Holy Cross Church (now St. Vincent Pallotti East) was placed on October 26, 1879 and dedicated on April 20, 1880. The order blessed the cemetery on All Saints Day.

On May 18, 2006 a construction worker unearthed human remains in the area believed to be the location of the Old Cemetery near 22nd and Michigan streets. Thirteen burials have since been identified, and archaeologists are unsure if they are remnants from the cemetery or an earlier burial site used by a Potawatomi village. [http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=445804 Uncovering a mystery of early residents] , "Milwaukee Journal Sentinel," July 1, 2006.]

Notable interments

Calvary Cemetery contains a monument dedicated to the approximately 430 people who died with the sinking of the "Lady Elgin" on Lake Michigan in 1860. Most of those lost in the tragedy were from Milwaukee's Third Ward Irish community and is the second greatest loss of life seen on the Great Lakes.
*Leonard Batz, professor at St. Francis Seminary, pastor and Vicar General
*John Black, elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly and Senate
*Erhard Brielmaier, noted architect who also designed the Basilica of St. Josaphat
*William Cary, elected to the U.S. House of Representatives representing Wisconsin's 4th District
*Patrick Cudahy, industrialist and founder of the Patrick Cudahy meat packing company
*Peter Deuster, elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly, U.S. House of Representatives and Senate
*Patrick Drew, served in the Wisconsin State Legislature
*Theodore Hilbert, city engineer and member of the Common Council
*Robert Johnston, founder of the American Biscuit Company, a precursor to Nabisco
*Solomon Juneau, co-founder of the City of Milwaukee and its first mayor
*Phillip Jung, early brewer whose business was acquired by Pabst Brewing Company
*Matthew Keenan, local politician who helped to establish the Old Soldiers' Home
*John Luick, founder of the Luick Ice Cream company
*Frederick Miller, founder of the Miller Brewing Company
*Caspar Sanger, businessman and representative in the Wisconsin Legislature

See also

*List of Milwaukeeans
*List of mayors of Milwaukee

Sources

* [http://www.cemeteries.org/aboutus0015.asp Calvary Cemetery]
* [http://www.cemeteries.org/pdf/Calvary%20Tour_August2005.pdf List of notable people at Calvary] (PDF)
* [http://www.mkedcd.org/planning/historic/reports/HDCalvaryCem.pdf Historic Preservation Commission Study] (PDF)