- Terazije
Terazije (Serbian
Cyrillic : Теразије) is the central square and an urban neighborhood ofBelgrade , the capital ofSerbia . It is located in the Belgrade's municipality of Stari Grad.Location
Despite the fact that many Belgraders consider the Republic Square or
Kalemegdan to be the city's centerpiece areas, Terazije is (plural in Serbian) a Belgrade's designated center. When street numbers are assigned to the streets of Belgrade, numeration begins from the part of the street closest to Terazije. Terazije itself is also a short street, connected by the King Milan Street, the main street in Belgrade, to the Slavija square, by theNikola Pašić Square to the King Alexander Boulevard, the longest street in Belgrade, by Prizrenska street to the neighborhood ofZeleni Venac and further toNovi Beograd , and by the Kolarčeva street to the Square of the Republic.History
Terazije started to take shape as an urban feature in the first half of the
XIX century . In the 1840s, Prince Miloš Obrenović ordered Serbian craftsmen, especiallyblacksmith s andcoppersmith s, to move out of the old moated town where they had been mixed with the Turkish inhabitants, and build their houses and shops on the place of the present square. Also, the move was intended to prevent the fires being lit all over the town. Ilija Čarapić, the president of the Belgrade Municipality 1834-35 and 1839-40, had a special task to assigning lots of land at Terazije to these craftsmen and whoever accepted to fence the lot, would have it for free.With regard to the origin of the name Terazije, the historian and writer Milan Đ. Milićević noted that "In order to supply Belgrade with water, the Turks built towers at intervals along the water supply system which brought water in from the springs atVeliki Mokri Lug . The water was piped up into the towers for the purpose of increasing the pressure, in order to carry it further." One such tower was erected on the location of the present fountain at Terazije and the square was named after the Turkish word for water tower, "terazi" (literally, "water scales").Up to about 1865, the buildings at Terazije were mainly single and double-storied. The water tower was removed in 1860 and replaced by the drinking fountain, Terazijska česma, which was erected in to celebrate the second rule of Prince Miloš Obrenović. During the first reconstruction of the square in 1911, the fountain was moved to
Topčider and moved back again in 1976. The square went under significant changes in 1911-1912, when it was completely re-arranged. Along the central part of the square regular flower beds were placed, and they were surrounded by a low iron fence, while on the side towards today's Nušićeva street a large fountain was built. At the end of the XIX and beginning of theXX century , Terazije was the centre of social life of Belgrade.Another massive reconstruction happened in 1948, following the typical dysfunctionality of the
Communist mode of governing, the lively and colorful main square in Belgrade was narrowed, flower beds and doubletram tracks from both sides were removed and a series of gray buildings in the vein of thesocialist realism were constructed, forming a Square of Marx and Engels (present Square of Nikola Pašić) in the 1950s.Municipality
For a short period after the World War II when Belgrade was administratively reorganized from districts (rejon) to the municipalities in 1952, Terazije had its own municipality. However, already on
January 1 ,1957 the municipality was dissolved and divided between the municipalities of Vračar and Stari Grad. Population of the modern local community ("mesna zajednica") of Terazije was 3,338 in 2002, with several smaller communities which make the neighborhood 11,104.Famous buildings at Terazije
As the central and one of the most famous squares in Belgrade, it is the location of many famous Belgrade buildings:The most important hotels, restaurants and shops are and were located here. Of the important buildings, which used to be or still are at Terazije:
* 'Paris' Hotel (built during the 1870s at the place where the 'Bezistan' shopping area is today. It was demolished during the reconstruction of the square in 1948).
* The 'Kod Zlatnog Krsta' cafe (Serbian for 'At golden cross'; where the first film was shown by theLumière brothers onJune 6 ,1896 , was at the place of today's 'Dušanov Grad').
* The old 'Kasina' Hotel (built around 1860, next to the 'Paris' Hotel. At this hotel, in 1918 theNational Assembly of Serbia held its meetings for a while. The plays of theNational Theatre in Belgrade have been performed here until 1920. The present 'Kasina' Hotel was built at the same place in 1922) .
* 'Takovo' restaurant and cinema.
* The original shape and still voted as one of the most beautiful buildings in BelgradeHotel Moskva (Belgrade) stands, built in 1906, with its famousfaçade made ofceramic tiles.
* The biggestMcDonalds restaurant in theBalkans .
* A largeCosta Coffee branch.
*Palace Albania , built in 1937, the first high rise in Belgrade and the highest building in the Balkans before theWorld War II .
* "Theatre on Terazije ", the Serbian equivalent to Broadway with numerous musical productions and adaptations from around the world. The theatre is one of the most modern in Belgrade being reconstructed and opened in 2005.Terazijska Terasa
Terazijska Terasa (Serbian
Cyrillic : Теразијска тераса) or Terazije Terrace is a slope coming down from the 117 [ [http://www.zis.bg.gov.yu/upload/BeogradUBrojkama%202006%20S.pdf Beograd u brojkama 2006] ] meters high Terazije Ridge (on top of which Terazije is built) to the right bank of theSava river. Differently called throughout history (Zapadni Vračar ,Savamala ), it is notorious as an activemass wasting area. It begins from the Kalemegdan ridge, Terazije and King Milan's street and parts of it downhill comprise the small park between the Balkanska and Prizrenska streets so as the neighborhoods of Zeleni Venac, Savamala andBara Venecija . Itself, it is a part of the larger, 300 meters long Sava Ridge.The top of the area is an excellent natural
lookout point to the Sava river valley, Novi Beograd and further into theSyrmia region. The future of the terrace is a subject of public and academic debate ever since the XIX century. First general plan for it is from 1912 by the French architect Alban Chamond which envisioned it as the cascades oftrapezoid "piazzetas" with flowers and fountains, leaving the panoramic view intact. In 1923 a project for constructing a terrace-observation point was made. In 1929, Serbian architectNikola Dobrović 's plan was accepted. He projected two tall business buildings on the both ends of the ridge and a plateau between with several small business and leisure objects, while the slope itself would be a succession of horizontal gardens, pools and fountains. In the 1990s Dobrović's plan was reactivated, but the temporary park remained. In 2006 a new tender for architectural solution for Terazije Terrace was organized, but it is still not decided how exactly it will look like. However, one of the business buildings on the sides, a largeintelligent building business complex, in the Balkanska street, is under construction.See also
*
Hotel Moskva (Belgrade)
*Palace Albania References
External links
* [http://www.beograd.org.yu/cms/view.php?id=220 City of Belgrade]
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