Nikolai Berzarin

Nikolai Berzarin at a ball in the Deutsche Oper Berlin (1945)

Nikolai Erastovich Berzarin (Russian Николай Эрастович Берзарин) (April 1, 1904 in St. Petersburg – June 16, 1945 in Berlin) was a Soviet Red Army General during the Stalinist era and the Second World War. In 1945 he became commander of the Soviet occupying forces in Berlin.

Family

Berzarin was born the son of a pipefitter and a seamstress. He had one brother and four sisters.

In 1925, he married bank employee Natalja Prosinjuk, with whom he had two daughters, Larissa and Irina.

Training

In 1918 Berzarin enlisted in the Red Army and fought against invading troops in Archangelsk. Between 1921 and 1923 he received more military training at the Leningrad Command Courses, machine gun course at he "Vistrel" and a command course at the Siberian Military District. In 1922, he became a member of Komsomol. In 1923 he was assigned to Siberia.

In 1926, after officer training, he became a member of the CPSU.

Military career

Begun service as an enlisted soldier in the Soviet Union in the then Petrograd, and after service on the Northern Front against the Intervention also participated in the suppression of the Kronstadt Rebellion (1921). In 1924 he was serving as a junior officer in the Amur region against the bandit raiders. In 1927 he returned to Siberia, where he was an assistant to commander of an officers training unit in Irkutsk. From 1933 to 1935, he served in the staff of the Separate Far Eastern Army; from 1935 to 1937 he led the 77th Infantry Regiment of the 26th Infantry Division of the Far East Army. Until 1938, he was the chief instructor of the Amur group.

During the Great Purge, he was accused of owing his career to the "enemies of the people", but was supported by various Communist Party members. As division commander, he repelled Japanese attacks at Lake Khasan (1938), for which he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

After his appointment as Major General, he was transferred at his own request to Riga, and became commander of the 27th Army in May 1941.

He fought against the German armed forces after their assault on the Soviet Union. From December 1941 to May 1944 he was Commander-in-Chief of several armies; he was badly wounded in March 1943 and was hospitalized for six months.

He received the Order of Lenin and was promoted to Colonel General for his success in breaking through German lines in the Jassy-Kishinev Offensive. After conquering Kishinev in August 1944, the Belorussian and Ukrainian Fronts began their march on Berlin.

Commander of Berlin

During the Battle of Berlin, Berzarin's 5th Shock Army reached the outskirts of Berlin on April 21, 1945 as the first Soviet Army to do so. On April 24, he was appointed commander of the city by Marshall Zhukov. He worked to re-establish order, creating a city police force and supplying the population with food. He appointed the first postwar municipal authorities and strove for a revival of the cultural life of the city.

On June 16 1945, after only 55 days in office, he died in a motorcycle accident in a truck convoy in Berlin, aged 41.

Honorary freeman of Berlin

Plaque of Berzarin by Fritz-Georg Schulz at the Bersarinplatz in Berlin-Friedrichshain, Germany

In 1975 he was made a honorary citizen of East Berlin. He was formally removed from the roll of honorary citizens by the city of Berlin government in 1992.

In 2003, he regained the honorary citizenship. Detractors of the re-awarding affirmed that Berzarin would have been responsible of the deportation of 47,000 Balts. This accusations were proven wrong later on, since Berazin was deployed in Vladivostok at the questioned time.^[1]

In 2005, the PDS politician Thomas Flierl had a bridge named in honour of Berzarin.^[2]

See also

• Battle in Berlin

External links

References

1. ^ Später stellte sich heraus, dass der Russe zu dieser Zeit gar nicht im Baltikum, sondern im sibirischen Wladiwostok eingesetzt war. - Later on it turned out that the Russian was not deployed at the Baltikum but in Wladiwostok, Sibiria
2. ^ Presse- und Fototermin: 60. Jahrestag - Feierstunde mit Senator für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kultur, Dr. Thomas Flierl, Bezirksbürgermeister Dr. Uwe Klett, Botschaftern und weiterer politischer Prominenz am 21. April vor dem ersten befreiten Haus ...

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Name	Berzarin, Nikolai
Alternative names
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Date of birth	April 1, 1904
Place of birth
Date of death	June 16, 1945
Place of death