Hydroscaphidae

Taxobox
name = Hydroscaphidae
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
classis = Insecta
ordo = Coleoptera
subordo = Myxophaga
familia = Hydroscaphidae
familia_authority = LeConte, 1874
subdivision_ranks = Genera
subdivision = "Hydroscapha"
"Scaphydra"
"Yara"

Hydroscaphidae is a small family of water beetles, consisting of 13 species in three genera, which are sometimes called "skiff beetles".

Skiff beetles are quite small as water-dwelling beetles go, ranging in length from 1-2 mm. Their color ranges from tan to brown, and the elytra are abbreviated, leaving several tapering tergites of the abdomen exposed. The antennae are short, as are the legs.

They are typically abundant in streams in their range, both adults and larvae living amongst and feeding on the filamentous algae that grows on rocks, especially those in the marginal shallows. They can tolerate a wide range of water temperatures, including both icy snow-fed streams and hot springs. Adults carry their air supply under the elytra, with the aid of setae on tergite III.

The single large eggs are laid on algae mats, and the larvae are entirely aquatic, breathing through gills extending from the spiracles.

Hydroscaphid species have been reported from every continent except Antarctica.

;Selected species:
* "Hydroscapha granulum"
* "Hydroscapha natans" LeConte, 1874 -the only species native to the United States, has been found in southern California, southern Nevada, and Arizona
* "Scaphydra angra"

References

* Ross H. Arnett, Jr. and Michael C. Thomas, "American Beetles" (CRC Press, 2001)

External links

* [http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Hydroscaphidae&contgroup=Myxophaga Tree of Life entry for Hydroscaphidae, with pictures]
* [http://www.zoo.uni-jena.de/rbeutel/ Rolf G. Beutel page on 3D modelling of larvae heads]