Syed Jaafar Albar

Tan Sri Syed Jaafar bin Hassan Albar [cite book|title=Official Year Book - Malaysia, 1970|pages=41, 587|author=Malaysia Jabatan Penerangan|publisher=Federal Department of Information, Ministry of Information, Malaysia] (1914 [cite book|title=Government and Society in Malaysia|pages=102-103|author=Harold Crouch|publisher=Cornell University Press|ISBN=0801432189] [cite book|title=Who's Who, Malaysia and Singapore|pages=327|author=John Victor Morais|publisher=University of Michigan|year=1969] –January 14, 1977 [cite book|title=Malaysian Politics and the 1978 Election|pages=28|author=Harold A. Crouch, Kam Hing Lee, Michael Ong|publisher=Oxford University Press|ISBN=0195804643] ) was a Malaysian politician. His staunch defense of his political party, the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) — which leads the governing Barisan Nasional coalition — led to him being given the moniker "Lion of UMNO". He was also known for his radical views on Malay sovereignty over Malaysia, and Malay supremacy in politics, and is of Hadhrami Arab descent. [ [http://www.kln.gov.my/?m_id=25&vid=288 Official Website for Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia] ]

Life

He served as the Secretary-General of UMNO during the early 1960s, but resigned after Singapore was allowed to secede from Malaysia. After the 1963 Singapore state elections held shortly after Singapore merged with Malaya, Sabah and Sarawak to form Malaysia, it emerged that the Singapore UMNO branch had been terribly defeated by the ruling People's Action Party (PAP). Albar then travelled to Singapore to address the Malays, and denounced Malay PAP leaders such as Othman Wok as traitors to the Malay race and UnIslamic.

Later, he had participated in verbal duels with the charismatic Singaporean Prime Minister, Lee Kuan Yew, over the issue of "ketuanan Melayu" (Malay sovereignty over Malaysia). Lee accused Albar of being an "ultra" for making remarks such as "Wherever I am, I am a Malay." Lee excoriated him for this, asking "If I had been going round and saying what [he] has been saying — wherever I am, I am a Chinese — where would we be? But I keep on reminding the people that I am a Malaysian. I am learning "Bahasa Kebangsaan" (Malay, the national language) and I accept Article 153 of the Constitution." [Keith, Patrick (2005). "Ousted!", p. 128. Media Masters. ISBN 981-05-3865-0.]

Albar also accused Lee and some other Chinese Malaysians — referring to them as "kaum pendatang" or "pendatang asing" (immigrants) — of being lodgers ("orang tumpangan"), abusing the hospitality of the Malays who were the "masters of the house". This provoked a response from Cabinet member Lim Swee Aun, who insisted "we are co-owners, not lodgers, not guests." [Lee, Kuan Yew (1998). "The Singapore Story", p. 620. Marshall Cavendish Editions. ISBN 981-204-983-5.] [Keith, p. 115.]

Lee took a swipe at his politics by arguing "According to history, Malays began to migrate to Malaysia in noticeable numbers only about 700 years ago. Of the 39% Malays in Malaysia today, about one-third are comparatively new immigrants like the secretary-general of UMNO, Dato' Syed Jaafar Albar, who came to Malaya from Indonesia just before the war at the age of more than thirty. [cite book|title=The Separation of Singapore from Malaysia|pages=62|author=Nancy McHenry Fletcher|publisher=Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University|ISBN=0835736733] Therefore it is wrong and illogical for a particular racial group to think that they are more justified to be called Malaysians and that the others can become Malaysian only through their favour." [Ye, Lin-Sheng (2003). "The Chinese Dilemma", p. 143. East West Publishing. ISBN 0-9751646-1-9.]

The Malaysian Prime Minister, Tunku Abdul Rahman, eventually tired of the bickering and told Singapore to secede from Malaysia. The matter was hushed up, with not even the UMNO Members of Parliament such as Albar being informed of what the August 9 1965 Parliamentary session would be concerned about. When Albar demanded more information on why their presence was demanded, he was rebuffed. Upon discovering that day itself that the purpose of the meeting was to allow Singapore to secede, Albar left Parliament House, not participating in the final unanimous vote. As this was directly contrary to his orders, the Tunku insisted on sacking Albar as UMNO Secretary-General, but was later persuaded to permit Albar to graciously resign instead.

Albar was opposed to the idea of allowing Singapore to secede, because he felt that imposing emergency rule over Singapore and removing Lee as Prime Minister would have been an ideal solution. Before secession, he had vocally called for Lee to be arrested for destroying racial harmony through his "Malaysian Malaysia" campaign, which the Malays saw as threatening the special rights granted to them under Article 153 of the Constitution.

Albar also served as Minister of Rural Development for a time, and later had a son, Syed Hamid Albar. Albar died in 1977. His son, Syed Hamid Albar, currently (as of 2008) serves as the Home Minister.

Notes and references

External links

* [http://sam11.moe.gov.sg/racialharmony/teachers_03.html Small spark can create big mess] — an article on Albar's role in the 1964 Singapore riots
* [http://www.pathfinder.com/asiaweek/98/0925/cs3.html A son's defense] — Syed Hamid Albar defends his father