Humpback Dolphin

Taxobox
name = Humpback Dolphin

---

image2_caption = Size comparison against an average human
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
ordo = Cetacea
familia = Delphinidae
genus = "Sousa"
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = See text
range_

range_map_caption = Pacific Humpback Dolphin (Chinese White Dolphin) range
range_map2 = cetacea_range_map_Indian_Humpback_Dolphin.png range_map2_caption = Indian Humpback Dolphin range
range_map3 = cetacea_range_map_Atlantic_Humpback_Dolphin.png range_map3_caption = Atlantic Humpback Dolphin range

The Humpback Dolphin is a member of the genus "Sousa". These dolphins are characterized by the conspicuous humps and elongated dorsal fins found on the back of adult members of the species. They are found close to shore along the coast of West Africa (Atlantic species/variety) and right along the coast of the Indian Ocean from South Africa to Australia (Indo-Pacific species/varieties).

Taxonomy

The taxonomy of the "Sousa" genus is complicated and disputed. As many as five species have been proposed:
*"S. chinensis" (Humpback Dolphin, Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin, Pacific Humpback Dolphin, Chinese White Dolphin)
*"S. plumbea" (Indian Humpback Dolphin, Plumbeous Humpback Dolphin)
*"S. teuszi" (Atlantic Humpback Dolphin)
*"S. lentiginosa"
*"S. borneensis"By the mid-2000s most authorities (see e.g. [3] , [4] , [5] ) accepted just two species—the Atlantic and the Indo-Pacific. However, in his widely used systematic account ( [1] ), Rice identified three species, viewing the Indo-Pacific as two species named simply the Indian and Pacific. The dividing line between the two (sub)species is taken to be Sumatra, one of the Indonesian islands; however, intermixing is thought to be inevitable.

Further, in [2] , Australian cetologist Graham Ross writes "However, recent morphological studies, somewhat supported equivocally by genetic analyses, indicate that there is a single, variable species for which the name "S. chinensis" has priority".

Humpback Dolphins found in Chinese waters are locally known as Chinese White Dolphins. See that article for specific issues relating to that subspecies which corresponds to the Pacific Humpback Dolphin in Rice's classification.

References

#"land Mammals of the World. Systematics and Distribution", Dale W. Rice (2000). Published by the Society of Marine Mammalogy as Special Publication No. 4
#"Humpback Dolphins" Graham J. B. Ross pps 585-589 in "Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals" (1998) ISBN 0-12-551340-2
#"National Audubon Society Guide to Marine Mammals of the World" (2002) ISBN 0-375-41141-0
#"Cetacean Societies: Field Studies of Whales and Dolphins" Mann, Connor, Tyack and Whitehead (2000) ISBN 0226503402
#"Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises" Mark Carwardine 1995, ISBN 0-7513-2781-6

External links

* [http://www.ketosecology.co.uk/sousa_dolphins.htm Atlantic Humpback Dolphin Study in Angola] Species information, Atlantic humpback dolphin study in southern Angola, images
*ARKive - [http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Sousa_chinensis/ images and movies of the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin "(Sousa chinensis)"]
* [http://www.mayumbanationalpark.com/cetaceans.htm Information and photos of humpback dolphins and other cetaceans from Mayumba National Park, in Gabon, Central Africa, the southernmost observation of Atlantic humpback dolphins]
* [http://www.wdcs.org: Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society]