Extermination through labour

Extermination through labourOften also translated as "death through work", "extermination through work", "annihilation through labor" or "destruction through labor"] ( _de. Vernichtung durch Arbeit) was a Nazi German World War II principle that regulated the aims and purposes of most of their labour and concentration camps.pl icon cite book | author =Stanisław Dobosiewicz | title =Mauthausen/Gusen; obóz zagłady (Mauthausen/Gusen; the Camp of Doom) | year =1977 | pages =449 | publisher =Ministry of National Defence Press | location =Warsaw | id =ISBN 83-11-06368-0 ] en icon cite book | author =Wolfgang Sofsky | title =The Order of Terror: The Concentration Camp | year =1999 | pages =352 | publisher =Princeton University Press | location =Princeton | id =ISBN 0-691-00685-7| url =http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0691006857&id=rf1VqMP3gMsC&pg=PA38&lpg=PA38&dq=Vernichtung+durch+Arbeit&sig=WEy--f1s_jY4sbm1zsXeFdTqRxA] The rule demanded that the inmates of German WWII camps be forced to work for the German war industry with only basic tools and minimal food rations until totally exhausted.pl icon cite book | author =Władysław Gębik | title =Z diabłami na ty (Calling the Devils by their Names) | year =1972 | pages =332 | publisher =Wydawnictwo Morskie | location =Gdańsk ] en icon cite book | author =Günter Bischof | coauthors =Anton Pelinka | title =Austrian Historical Memory and National Identity | year =1996 | pages =185–190 | publisher =Transaction Publishers | location = | id =ISBN 1-56000-902-0| url =http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN1560009020&id=75l45XlpXTsC&pg=PA185&lpg=PA185&vq=labor&dq=Mauthausen&sig=bkPrYRhv5wuk1RG9fcmO-p6kYnU ] de icon cite book | author =Cornelia Schmitz-Berning | title =Vokabular des Nationalsozialismus (Vocabulary of the National Socialism) | year =1998 | pages =634 | chapter =Vernichtung durch Arbeit | chapterurl =http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN3110133792&id=ZNVO4uOJCYQC&pg=PT632&lpg=PT632&dq=Vernichtung+durch+Arbeit&sig=Nh_moid5Tx1z2ke7Io-jMtRc0O0 | publisher =Walter de Gruyter | location = | id =ISBN 3-11-013379-2 | url = ] As the slaves had no individual worth, they were of no use to the German war machineen icon cite book | author =Miroslav Kárný | title =The Genocide of the Czech Jews | year = | pages = | publisher = | location = | id = | url =http://www.porges.net/Terezin/GenocideOfCzechJews.html ] and were to be exterminated as soon as they were "used up", as the German WWII documents put it.en icon cite book | author =Gretchen E Schafft | title =From Racism to Genocide: Anthropology in the Third Reich | year =2004 | pages =140 | publisher =University of Illinois Press | location = | id =ISBN 0-252-02930-5 | url=http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0252029305&id=berhcMAjzZEC&pg=PA140&lpg=PA140&dq=Vernichtung+durch+Arbeit&sig=aPJj-z66Ipe842lL4YwAsuDwUQU ]

In many sub-camps unrelated to the German war machine the principle was realised through pointless Fact|date=August 2008 heavy work, most commonly digging ditches around the camp and then levelling them or excavating earth and transporting it on foot to the other side of the camp. In others, the political aims of the camps were paired with the policies of extermination through labour.en icon cite book | author =Paul B Jaskot | title =The Architecture of Oppression: The SS, Forced Labor and the Nazi Monumental Building Economy | year = | editor = | pages =141 | publisher =Routledge | location =London | id =ISBN 0-415-17366-3 | url =http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0415173663&id=qp9We71dDQQC&pg=PA141&lpg=PA141&vq=%22through+labor%22&dq=Vernichtung+durch+Arbeit&sig=S2cpc_08Ghkb3r_eKv1ShK54dEk ]

ee also

*Forced labor in Germany during World War II
*Gulag, the system of officially "corrective labor" in the Soviet Union which often amounted to extermination through labor. [ [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,944884,00.html Islands of Slavery] TIME magazine. June 24, 1974]
*Hunger Plan, a German plan to starve the Slavic and Jewish populations

Notes

References

* cite book | author =Hermann Kaienburg | title =Vernichtung durch Arbeit. Der Fall Neuengamme (Extermination through labour: Case of Neuengamme) | year =1990 | editor = | pages =503 | chapter = | chapterurl = | publisher =Dietz Verlag J.H.W. Nachf | location =Bonn | id =ISBN 3-8012-5009-1| url =
* cite book | author =Gerd Wysocki | title =Arbeit für den Krieg (Work for the War) | year =1992 | editor = | pages = | chapter = | chapterurl = | publisher = | location =Braunschweig | id =ISBN | url = | format = | accessdate =
* cite book | author =Donald Bloxham | title =Genocide on Trial: War Crimes Trials and the Formation of History and Memory | year =2001 | pages =296 | publisher =Oxford University Press | location =Oxford | id =ISBN 0-19-820872-3 | url =http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0198208723&id=eDDoDMKrzyMC&pg=PA210&lpg=PA210&dq=Vernichtung+durch+Arbeit&sig=JnNf9BqK6rIp0Iwpu-kt30_p62I
* cite journal | author =Nikolaus Wachsmann | year = | month = | title =Annihilation through Labor: The Killing of State Prisoners in the Third Reich | journal =Journal of Modern History | volume =71 | issue =3 | pages =624–659 | id = | url =http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-2801(199909)71%3A3%3C624%3A%22TLTKO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-W
* cite book | author =various authors | coauthors = | title =The Holocaust and History: The Known, the Unknown, the Disputed, and the Reexamined | year =2002 | editor =Michael Berenbaum, Abraham J Peck | pages =370-407 | chapter = | chapterurl = | publisher =Indiana University Press | location = | id =ISBN 0-253-21529-3 | url =http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0253215293&id=zkZC6bp3upsC&pg=PA370&lpg=PA370&dq=Vernichtung+durch+Arbeit&sig=M9Y-Hl1zMrRsmD5sLaxtVRSLajQ
* cite book | author =Eugen Kogon | coauthors =Heinz Norden, Nikolaus Wachsmann | title =The Theory and Practice of Hell: The German Concentration Camps and the System Behind Them | year =2006 | editor = | pages =368 | publisher =Farrar, Straus and Giroux | location = | id =ISBN 0-374-52992-2 | url =