Annfield Plain

infobox UK place
country = England
static_

static_image_caption=
latitude= 54.85
longitude=-01.73
official_name =Annfield Plain
population =
shire_district=
shire_county= County Durham
metropolitan_borough=
metropolitan_county =
region=North East England
constituency_westminster=
post_town=
postcode_district =
postcode_area=
dial_code=
os_grid_reference= NZ1751

Annfield Plain is a village in County Durham, in England. It is situated on a plateau between the towns of Stanley, 4 km (2.5 miles) to the north-east, and Consett, 8 km (5 miles) to the west. According to the 2001 census, Annfield Plain has a population of 3,569 [http://www.durham.gov.uk/durhamcc/usp.nsf/Lookup/Derwentside%20Settlement%20Summary%20Sheets%20Numbers/$file/Derwentside+Settlement+Summary+Sheets+Numbers.pdf] . Along with much of the surrounding area, Annfield Plain's history lies in coal mining. While the industry collapsed in the 1980s and 90s, its effects are still apparent both in the landscape and in folk memory.

Much of the surrounding landscape is rough moorland, dominated by the nearby Pontop Pike television mast. Not far from semi-rural Derwentside, however, is the Tyneside–Wearside conurbation, with Newcastle 20 km (12 miles) away, and Sunderland a similar distance, as well as the massive MetroCentre shopping complex. The cathedral city of Durham is 20 km (12 miles) away and offers quite a contrast to the former pit villages in the area of Annfield Plain.

Name

"Anfield", as the name was originally spelt, appears to derive from "the fields of An", referring to a man who lived before the Norman Conquest. The "Plain" part of the name was originally "Plane" and appears to refer originally not to the plateau on which the village stands but to the inclined plane on the Stanhope and Tyne Railway of 1834. The engine used by the plane was known as the Anfield Engine because of its proximity to Anfield House, built in the 18th century on nearby Loud Hill. The spelling changed to "Annfield Plain" around 1856, when houses were built for miners on the nearby plateau.

History

The earliest hard evidence of habitation in the area comes from the 16th century, when the main economic activity was sheep farming. The village's association with mining begins in the late 17th century when many shallow mines were dug. The Stanhope and Tyne Railway, laid in 1834, assisted the transportation of coal. Several limekilns were built at this time and were fuelled by local coal, with limestone being brought in by rail.

Demand for coal increased with the advent of the Industrial Revolution, and a number of deep pits were sunk over the course of the 19th century. The village grew substantially and light industry increased, including the construction of a brewery, mill, and candle factory; as well as various services for the population, including a school, church, at least two nonconformist chapels, and a variety of shops.

In the 19th century Annfield Plain was the scene of a murder, when a man named William Thompson killed his wife. He was hanged at Durham Prison on 5 January 1874.³

Present day

While there is some light industry, most of Annfield Plain is made up of housing, a few run down shops and several pubs. The local co-op supermarket is commonly known as the "Disco", an allusion to its former name: the "Discount Supermarket". The CO-OP supermarket has been recently converted to a TESCO store. The original Annfield Plain co-operative store was dismantled and rebuilt at the nearby Beamish Open Air Museum in the late 1980s. The site of the village's main pit, the "Busty", is now a privately owned coach garage.

Its proximity to the major centres of the North East of England has in recent years attracted residents from Newcastle and Gateshead to move out to escape the city. This has had the consequence of pushing up house prices, long among the cheapest in Britain, which had been both a boon and burden to locals.

Notable People

*Alun Armstrong - Original cast member of Les Misérables, playing Monsieur Thénardier. Also in New Tricks and The Mummy Returns.
*Glen McCrory - Former Cruiserweight World Champion Boxer.

Geography

Administration

Annfield Plain is located in the Derwentside district of County Durham. As of 2005 it is represented on the District Council by Alan Atkinson, Carl Christer, and Dennis Lavin (all Labour), and on the County Council by Michele Hodgson (Labour). The village is part of the North Durham parliamentary constituency, which as of 2005 is represented in parliament by Kevan Jones (Labour). It is in the North East England region, which serves as a constituency for the European Parliament.

The local police force is Durham Constabulary. Annfield Plain is in the Derwentside division and its nearest police station is in Stanley.

Location

* Elevation: 250 m (850 ft)
* Road access: A693 between Stanley and Consett, and numerous minor roads
* Rail access: Chester-le-Street, 11 km (7 miles) by road

Nearby places

Surrounding Annfield Plain and effectively joined to it are several other villages:
* Greencroft to the west
* New Kyo to the east
* West Kyo and Catchgate to the north

References

# Hatcher, Jane. " [http://www.durham-miner.org.uk/miner/projects.nsf/0/0dde72a0c6a65cf280256e8b00509423?OpenDocument Annfield Plain—a short history] ". "Durham Miner Project". Retrieved 11 January 2005.
# Durham County Council & Northumberland County Council. " [http://www.keystothepast.info/durhamcc/K2P.nsf/K2PDetail?readform&PRN=D6638 Local History: Annfield Plain (County Durham)] ". "Keys to the Past". Retrieved 11 January 2005.
# Mills, Alistair (2004). " [http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/DUR/D_Executions.html Executions at Durham, 1732–1909] ". "GENUKI". Retrieved 11 January 2005.