Kwong Sue Duk

Kwong Sue Duk, also known as Kwong See Tek, (鄺士德) (1853 – 17 February 1929) was a Chinese Australian herbalist and merchant.

Kwong Sue Duk was born in Guangdong Province, China, in 1853. In his teens, he travelled to the Californian gold rush where he made a modest fortune mining for gold. He returned to Toishan, China, and embarked on an education in Traditional Chinese medicine.

In 1874, Kwong Sue Duk married his first of four wives, Gee An Gow. In 1875, after the birth of his first son, Kwong Kong Sing, Kwong settled in Cooktown, Queensland, Australia, gateway to the Far North Queensland gold rushes.

In 1882, Kwong returned from China to settle in Southport, Northern Territory. Operating under his business name, Sun Mow Loong, he eventually established a successful general trade store and real estate enterprise. He was well respected and influential amongst the Chinese and European communities and was consulted over many matters concerning the Chinese.

In 1884, Kwong Sue Duk married his second of four wives, Chun Ngor Gwei, and obtained his naturalisation certificate in Australia. Kwong moved to Palmerston (early Darwin) and in March 1887 he met and married his third of four wives, Yuen Yuk Lau.

In 1889 he returned to China and brought out his first wife and three children to Palmerston. In January 1897, a tropical cyclone damaged much of Palmerston, including Kwong's group of rental properties. His first wife had difficulty adjusting to the harsh conditions and in 1898 he travelled with her to China where she chose to remain with her four children.

In 1899, Kwong met and married his fourth wife, Wong Kwei Far, and returned with her to Palmerston. However, the damage of the cyclone and the generally depressed state of the Northern Territory economy left Kwong in a poor financial situation. In 1902 the family set up a store and business in Cairns, Queensland where he sold mostly Chinese goods. In the back of the store he had an office where he dispensed Chinese herbal remedies.

In 1910 he returned from Hong Kong to settle in Townsville, Queensland, and in 1913 most of the family followed. Kwong established another successful Chinese herbal medicine practice in Little Flinders Street.

In 1917, Kwong made another major move to Melbourne, Victoria (Australia). He continued his herbal medicine practice in Melbourne and country Victoria, including the townships of Ballarat and Bendigo.

In 1927, he retired to Townsville where he continued with his herbal medicine practice until he died at the age of 76 on the 17 February 1929.

Over his lifetime, Kwong Sue Duk fathered 22 children and adopted two children with his four wives. As of 2006, over 800 descendants in eleven countries trace their linage from Kwong Sue Duk. Kylie Kwong is his great granddaughter. The Kwong Sue Duk Foundation arranges regular family reunions.

Overseas travel

Like many of the overseas Chinese, Kwong Sue Duk maintained strong links to China. He met and married two of his four wives in China and several of his children married in Hong Kong.

He travelled extensively, obtaining at least four exemptions from the Immigration Restriction Act 1901 dictation test so that he could return to Australia.

* In 1853 he travelled from China to California and then returned to Toishan after several years.
* In 1875 he travelled from China to Cooktown, Queensland and settled there. He made several trips home to China while living in Cooktown.
* Around 1887 and 1889, while living in Palmerston, Northern Territory, he returned to China.
* In 1898, Kwong again returned to China after a tropical cyclone in Palmerston.
* In 1907, the family sailed to Hong Kong, in part to find wives for his sons.
* In 1925, he visited descendants in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

ee also

*Kwong family name.
*Kylie Kwong, great granddaughter.

References and external links

* Chinese History of Australian Federation entry on [http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/kwong_sue_duk.htm Kwong Sue Duk] , by Rosalie Hiah, Kwong Sue Duk Foundation (June 2001).
* [http://www.nla.gov.au/ms/findaids/9059.html Papers of Kwong Sue Duk] in the National Archives of Australia.
* [http://www.chia.chinesemuseum.com.au/biogs/CH01005b.htm Images of Kwong Sue Duk] and his family in the Chinese-Australian Historical Images in Australia database.
* [http://www.abc.net.au/gnt/profiles/Transcripts/s1242188.htm Kylie Kwong] and other descendants of the Kwong family interviewed by George Negus for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation's George Negus Tonight profiles.
* Senator Tchen's [http://wopared.parl.net/Hansard/senate/dailys/ds240902.pdf memorial to Ida Lee] , youngest daughter to Kwong Sue Duk in Hansard, 24 September 2002 [long PDF, search for Kwong Sue Duk] .