Wolfgang Windgassen

Wolfgang Windgassen (June 26, 1914 – September 8, 1974) was a tenor internationally known for his performances in Wagner operas.

Born in Annemasse, France, he was the son (and pupil) of a well known Heldentenor, Fritz Windgassen (who was also the teacher of Gottlob Frick). His mother was the coloratura soprano Vali von der Osten, sister of the much more famous soprano Eva von der Osten, who created the part of Oktavian in Richard Strauss' Der Rosenkavalier. Both Windgassen's parents were longtime mainstays of the Staatsoper Stuttgart.

Wolfgang made his début at Pforzheim as Pinkerton in "Madama Butterfly." After army service he became a member of the Stuttgart opera company, and succeeded his father as principal tenor. Stuttgart opera remained his home base throughout his career, and for the last two years of his life he was its artistic director.

Windgassen sang at all the important opera houses all over the world. He was invited to perform at the reopening of the Bayreuth Festival in 1951 and continued to appear there till 1970, singing all the great Wagner tenor roles: Erik, Tannhäuser, Lohengrin, Tristan, Walter, Loge, Siegmund, both Siegfrieds and Parsifal, his debut role in 1951.

He is well represented on record, both in studio recordings and live tapings. Pre-eminent among the former is the famous Decca "Ring", conducted by Georg Solti and produced by John Culshaw. He was not Culshaw’s first choice for Siegfried, the more powerful and beautiful voice of Ernst Kozub being preferred. But Kozub's musical limitations led to his removal from the cast; Windgassen magnanimously stood in for him at the last minute. His live Bayreuth recording of "Tristan und Isolde" with Birgit Nilsson as Isolde, conducted by Karl Böhm, is still highly regarded by many critics.

Windgassen was the Siegfried in several complete, live "Rings" from Bayreuth that have been issued commercially on CD, conducted by such now-legendary figures as Hans Knappertsbusch, Clemens Krauss, Joseph Keilberth and Karl Böhm. He was also the Loge and Siegmund in Wilhelm Furtwängler's Ring broadcast by the Italian Radio (RAI) in 1953, and subsequently issued as a best selling CD box. All these have contributed to the growing posthumous reputation of this remarkable tenor.

His voice was not as heroic as pre-war Heldentenors such as Lauritz Melchior, but he used it with such skill and musicianship that he is generally regarded as the most accomplished Wagner tenor of the past half century.

He died from a heart attack in Stuttgart, Germany at the age of 60.
* [http://www.operadis-opera-discography.org.uk/CLSIWIND.HTM Discography] (Capon's Lists of Opera Recordings)

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