- Extension tube
. The tube contains no optical elements; its sole purpose is to move the lens farther from the film or digital sensor. The farther away the lens is, the closer the focus, the greater the magnification, and also the greater the loss of light (requiring a longer exposure time). Lenses classically focus closer than infinity by moving all optical elements farther from the film or sensor; an extension tube simply extends this movement. When a lens is focused at infinity, its maximum magnification is the length of the extension divided by the focal length of the lens.
Extension tubes without electrical contacts will not allow an electronic automatic camera to control the lens, thus disabling
autofocus and in some cases forcing a user to shoot wide open unless the lens offers manual aperture control. More expensive extension tubes contain electrical contacts allowing the user to useautofocus and electronically control the aperture of the attached lens. A great advantage to these rings is their price since no electronics or optics is involved being usual to find rings for as cheap as 4 dollars.Other items like lens adapters may unintentionally have an effect similar to an extension tube.
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