- Simonas Daukantas
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Simonas Daukantas on a "A portrait of Szymon Dowkont", oil on canvas, by Jan Rustem, a painter at that time active in Imperial Russia[1]
100 litai banknote, released in 2000, featuring Simonas DaukantasSimonas Daukantas or Szymon Dowkont[2][3] (28 October 1793 – 6 December 1864) was a Lithuanian writer,[4] ethnographer and historian. One of the pioneers of the Lithuanian national revival, he is credited as an author of the first book on the history of Lithuania written in the Lithuanian language. He also published several books on Lithuanian and Samogitian folklore, and wrote a Polish-Lithuanian dictionary.[4]
As an author he published under a variety of pen-names, including, Jakyb Łaukys, K.V.Mylė, Jokūbas Laukys[5] (Jokyb's Łaukys)[1], Motiejus Šauklys, J.Devynakis, Jonas Girdenis, Jonas Raganius, Antanas Žeimys, Jonas Purvys and Antanas Vaineikis, some of them mentioned also in Polonised form.
Contents
Biography
Daukantas, was born on October 26, 1793 in Kalviai, near Skuodas. In 1814 he went to Vilnius and entered a local gymnasium. After graduating in 1816, he began studies at Vilnius University, then known as The Imperial University of Vilna. In 1819 Daukantas received his first degree in the field of law, and in 1822, a Masters Degree also in law. Daukantas did not receive his diploma immediately due the suppression of the Filomat and Filaret student movements at Vilnius University; he received the diploma only in 1825. He then relocated to Dorpat (modern Tartu), where he continued his studies until moving to Riga. From there he went to St. Petersburg, and obtained employment at the Lithuanian Metrica Office, and assisted Franciszek Malewski and Franciszek Czarnocki.[3]
He also collaborated with Teodor Narbutt, a historian, and gave him almost eight hundred original documents dealing with Lithuanian history as well as that of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.[2] He also published several history books and novels in Lithuanian, notably the Pałangos petris, a "Robinson Crusoe-like novel".[2]
In 1846 fables by Phaedrus, were translated by Daukantas under the pen-name Motiejus Šauklys into the Lithuanian language and were published in St. Petersburg.[6] Among his manuscripts were a Polish-Lithuanian dictionary and a book on the history of Samogitia and Lithuania. Both were published posthumously.[2]
Finally in 1850 he returned to Lithuania, where he died on December 6, 1864. He was buried on the summit of the Papilė hill fort. A monument designed by Vincas Grybas was erected there in 1930. His place in Lithuanian history is also commemorated by Daukantas Square, facing the Presidential Palace in Vilnius.
Bibliography
- Darbai senųjų lietuvių ir žemaičių (1822);
- Istorija žemaitiška (1838);
- Būdas senovės lietuvių, kalnėnų ir žemaičių (original title Budą Senowęs Lietuwiû kalneniu ir Żemaitiû; St. Petersburg, 1845);
- Daines Ziamajtiû (St. Petersburg, 1846);
- Pasakojimas apie veikalus lietuvių tautos senovėje (1850).
- Pałangos petris
Notes and references
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- In-line:
- ^ (Polish) Stefania Krzysztofowicz-Kozakowska; Janusz Kozina (2003). Malarstwo Polskie w zbiorach za granicą. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Kluszczyński. ISBN 83-88080-85-7.
- ^ a b c d (Polish) various authors (1899). "Dowkont Szymon". In Samuel Orgelbrand. S. Orgelbranda Encyklopedia Powszechna. IV. Warsaw: S. Orgelbrand i Synowie. pp. 455. http://ebipol.p.lodz.pl/dlibra/doccontent?id=1192&dirids=1. Retrieved 2007-11-05.
- ^ a b (English) Patricia Kennedy Grimsted; Irena Sułkowska-Kurasiowa (1984). The "Lithuanian Metrica" in Moscow and Warsaw: Reconstructing the Archives of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Warsaw: Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences. ISBN 0892503408. "The study was carried out by Franciszek Malewski and assistants Franciszek Czarnocki and Szymon Dowkont."
- ^ a b (Lithuanian) Giedrius Subačius (6 2004). "Grafemos <ſ> netektis Lietuvos rankraſzčiuose" (pdf). Archivum Lithuanicum (Vilnius: Lietuvių Kalbos Institutas) (6): 279. ISSN 1392-737X. http://www.uic.edu/classes/lith/lith520/SUB_strp/SUB_2004_S_rankrasciuose_ALt6.pdf. Retrieved 2007-11-06.
- ^ Alfred Senn (1966). p. 97.
- ^ Aušra Navickienė, Mikalojaus Akelaičio laiškai Adamui Zawadzkiui in KNYGOTYRA, 49. Vilnius 2007. ISSN 0204–2061.
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- General:
- (Lithuanian)S. Žukas. Simonas Daukantas. Kaunas, Šviesa, 1988. 182 p.
- (Lithuanian)V. Merkys. Simonas Daukantas. Vilnius, Vyturys, 1991. 212 p.
- "Simonas Daukantas". Lithuanian Classical Literature Anthology. http://antologija.lt/texts/16/autor.html. Retrieved 2007-09-22.
External links
- (Lithuanian) BŪDAS SENOVĖS LIETUVIŲ, KALNĖNŲ IR ŽEMAIČIŲ
Categories:- 1793 births
- 1864 deaths
- Historians of Lithuania
- Lithuanian historians
- Samogitian Roman Catholics
- Vilnius University alumni
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