Talbot Hobbs

Infobox Military Person
name=Sir Talbot Hobbs


caption=
lived=24 August 1864 - Death date and age|1938|4|21|1864|8|24|df=yes
placeofbirth=London, England
placeofdeath=At sea
allegiance=Australian Army
rank=Lieutenant General
commands=5th Division
1st Division
1st Division Artillery
family=
nickname=
enteredservice=
currentlyresides=
serviceyears=1883 - 1927
battles=World War I
*Gallipoli Campaign
*Western Front
laterwork=
awards=Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
Mention in Despatches (8)
Lieutenant General Sir Joseph John Talbot Hobbs KCB, KCMG, VD (24 August 1864 – 21 April 1938) was an Australian architect and First World War general.

Early life

Hobbs was born and educated in London the son of Joseph and Frances Hobbs. Educated at St Mary's church school, Merton, Surrey, he joined the volunteer artillery in 1883. He also worked as draughtsman for a builder, John Hurst. In 1886 he emigrated with Hurst to Western Australia and established an architectural practice in Perth in 1887.

He designed many of the well known public buildings in Perth and Fremantle and was President of the Western Australian Institute of Architects from 1909 to 1911.

He also designed a number of private residences. The first of these is believed to be Samson House in Fremantle, an example of late 19th century colonial style, which was built in two stages between 1888 and 1890. The house is registered with the National Trust, and is in the Register of the National Estate. cite web|url=http://register.heritage.wa.gov.au/PDF_Files/S%20Reg/Samson%20House%20(I).PDF |title=Register of Heritage Places - Interim Entry - Samson House |accessdate=2007-10-05 |date=1992-03-06 |format=pdf |publisher=Heritage Council of Western Australia ]

Military career

Hobbs joined the volunteer artillery as a gunner he rose to the command of the battery in 1897, in 1906 was a Lieutenant Colonel commanding a West Australian mixed brigade, and in 1913 was colonel commanding the 22nd infantry brigade. On four occasions he went to England and did intensive courses in artillery training with the British army. He was thus thoroughly equipped when war broke out, and on 8 August 1914 was selected by General Bridges to command the 1st Australian divisional artillery.After training in Egypt, he was at the landing at Gallipoli on 25 April 1915 and was soon ashore searching for positions for his guns. He was in command of the artillery until 11 November 1915 when he was struck down with dysentery and invalided to Cairo.

Hobbs was then promoted Brigadier General and made a Companion of the Order of the Bath. In March 1916 he went with the first Australian division to France, and was in command of the Australian artillery when Pozières was captured. On January 1 1917 he was given command of the Australian 5th Division and was made a Major General. This division was in the thick of the fighting in the spring of 1917, and in September did magnificent work at Polygon Wood. It was a great piece of staff work in which every officer and man fitted into his allotted place, did his work with distinction, and together achieved a great victory. Hobbs was created both a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath and Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George on 1 January 1918. At the end of April his division fought a great fight at the second battle for Villers-Bretonneux, which probably contributed to the abandonment of the German operations towards Amiens.

Towards the end of May, General Monash was placed in command of the Australian Army Corps, and Hobbs became the senior divisional commander in the corps. His division was then given a well-earned rest but took a worthy share in the great counter attack which began on 8 August. It did not take a leading part in the capture of Mont St Quentin, one of the greatest and most important feats of the war, but Monash, in his The Australian Victories in France, stated that he was "concerned . . . that the fine performance of the Fifth Division should not be underrated. The circumstances under which general Hobbs was called upon to intervene in the battle, at very short notice, imposed upon him, personally, difficulties of no mean order". One of his tasks it may be mentioned was the crossing of the Somme in the face of strong opposition, and when Hobbs sent a message to the men of his war-worn division on its beginning a rest period on 8 September, he was able to say that they had "earned imperishable fame for their gallantry and valour". It was but a short rest, for they were in the line again later on in the same month, and Hobbs was making careful plans for the attack on the Hindenburg line which was successfully breached by the 3rd and 5th divisions on 30 September and 1 October. The Australians had done the work allotted to them and were not called upon to fight again. Monash was put in charge of the repatriation and demobilization of the Australian troops, and Hobbs succeeded him in the command of the Army Corps until this was completed in May 1919.

Post-war

After the Armistice, Hobbs decided to return to his former profession; architecture. With a keen interest in the construction of war memorials, Hobbs was responsible for designing the West Australian War Memorial in Kings Park, Perth, St George's College, Crawley and the Temperance and General and Royal Insurance buildings.

He died at sea of a heart attack while en route to the unveiling of a war memorial built to his design at Villers-Bretonneux, a French town recaptured under his command in World War I.

Hobbs was a short and slight man, whose ordinary life was that of a successful citizen who had a full realization of his responsibilities to the society of which he was a member. He was capable and self-sacrificing and measured his life by high standards. From his youth he seems to have realized that some day his country might need him as a soldier, and he set to work to qualify himself for the highest positions. This knowledge was invaluable in France, and when he became a divisional commander his kindliness, tact and firmness gained the affection and respect of his men, while his carefulness of preparation and knowledge made him an excellent divisional commander. Monash said of him that he "succeeded fully as the Commander of a Division by his sound common sense and his sane attitude towards every problem that confronted him". To this may be added the eulogy of General Sir Brudenell White "he was not only a soldier, he was also a great citizen, and a great Christian gentleman . . . who knew none other than the straight path".

New interest

Australian interest in Hobbs' role as architect and soldier has shown a recent revival with the publication of the book The Lionheart Lieutenant - General Sir Talbot Hobbs by David Coombes (AMHP Australian Military History Publications 2007) and doctoral work in Australia. Anzac Day was commemorated in Villers-Bretonneux in July 2008; it should be noted that the local school still has a kangaroo as its symbol and signs declaring 'Never forget Australia.' His great-grandaughter is the British Australian poet and writer Bridget Talbot Hobbs Khursheed.

ee also

List of buildings designed by Talbot Hobbs

References

* [http://www.diggerhistory.info/pages-leaders/ww1/hobbs.htm Digger History]
* [http://www.unsw.adfa.edu.au/%7Ermallett/Generals/hobbs.html General Officers of the 1st AIF: Talbot Hobbs]
*Dictionary of Australian Biography|First=Joseph John Talbot |Last=Hobbs|Link=http://gutenberg.net.au/dictbiog/0-dict-biogHi-Hu.html#hobbs1
* [http://www.defence.gov.au/defencemagazine/editions/200708_08/anzac_france.pdf Defence Magazine Issue 8 2007/08]