Pontigny Abbey

Pontigny Abbey, founded in 1114 as the second of the four great daughter houses of Cîteaux Abbey, was a Cistercian monastery situated on the River Serein, in the present diocese of Sens and department of Yonne, in Burgundy, France.

History

Hildebert (or Ansius), a canon of Auxerre, petitioned Abbot Stephen Harding of Cîteaux to found a monastery in a place he had selected for this purpose. Accordingly in 1114 Saint Stephen sent twelve monks under the guidance of Hugh of Mâcon, the first abbot and a friend and kinsman of Bernard of Clairvaux, to establish the new foundation. Under Abbot Hugh and his successor, Guichard, the new monastery developed such a reputation for sanctity that it attracted sufficient numbers to be able to establish another twenty-two Cistercian monasteries.

Many members of the community of Pontigny went on to occupy high positions in the church and many distinguished personages sought refuge there. Amongst the former were, for example, Blessed Hugh of Mâcon, Bishop of Auxerre (d. 1151); Girard Mainard, [ [http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/sub-sees.htm The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Suburbicarian Dioceses and Cardinal Patriarchs of Oriental Rite ] ] Cardinal Bishop of Praeneste (d. 1202); and Robert, Cardinal Titular of St. Pudentiana (d. 1294). The latter included three Archbishops of Canterbury: Saint Thomas a Becket, Stephen Langton and Saint Edmund of Abingdon, who was buried there.

Over the centuries, however, the original strict discipline relaxed, especially from 1456, when the abbey was given "in commendam". In 1569 it was pillaged and burnt by the Huguenots, only the relics of Saint Edmund being saved. Partly restored, it continued in existence until it was suppressed during the French Revolution. The monastic buildings were largely destroyed, but the church was saved, due to the respect in which the cult of Saint Edmund was still held, and continued in use after the Revolution as a parish church.

In 1843 a community of the Fathers of St. Edmund was established here by J. B. Muard.

In 1909 the site was bought by the philosopher Paul Desjardins, who from 1910 to 1914 and from 1922 to 1939 held here every year the so-called "Decades of Pontigny", or conferences of ten days' duration, where the intellectual élite of Europe met including inter alia Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, T. S. Eliot, Thomas Mann, Heinrich Mann.

Burials

Among the burials in the abbey church are the following:

* Adèle of Champagne (1145–1206), queen of Louis VII of France
* Saint Edmund of Abingdon (c. 1180–1240), Archbishop of Canterbury
* Paul Desjardins (1859–1940)

Viticulture

Next to their religious duties the monks of Pontigny were also much occupied in the cultivation of vineyards. They established the original vineyard from which the present Chablis wine traces its descent.

Pilgrims' Route

The abbey is a stopping-point on one of the pilgrimage routes to Santiago de Compostela.

Notes

External links

* [http://www.burgundforum.de/reisef/pontigny.html Pictures of Pontigny]
* [http://www.cister.net/viewhistoire.php?id=148 History of the Abbey]
* [http://www.romanes.com/Pontigny Architecture of Pontigny]
* [http://www.paradoxplace.com/Photo%20Pages/France/Cistercian%20France/Pontigny/Pontigny.htm Cistercian Foundation Abbey of Pontigny - History & Photos]