- Science and technology in Israel
:"Note: this article is about the exact sciences, natural sciences, and engineering."
Israel i contributions toscience andtechnology have been significant. Since the establishment of theState of Israel , Israel has worked in science and engineering. Israeli scientists have contributed in the areas ofgenetics ,medicine ,agriculture ,computer sciences ,electronics ,optics ,engineering and other high-tech industries.Israeli science is particularly well known for its military technology, from simple submachine guns like the Uzi, ranging to advanced anti-ballistic defense systems - like the Arrow. Moreover, Israel is among the small group of nations in the world that have the capability to launch
satellite s into orbit (the others include theUSA ,Russia ,China ,Japan ,India , and someEurope an nations through theESA ).As a dry land, Israel has pioneered in advanced agricultural technology such as water-conserving irrigation methods,
anaerobic digestion , salinity research, enrichedcompost ,irrigation , and enhanced genetic engineered crops. Dry lands which have peace with Israel have received aid from and/or collaborated with Israeli experts in order to improve desert agriculture and produce more food. Israel has a world-wide reputation in this area.Israel also has a high reputation in
theoretical physics . Israeli physicists tend to deal more with theoretical and conceptual aspects of physics, especially in questions oftime andspace , and theparadox es and strange phenomena ofquantum mechanics .Israel is also known for its well-developed and revolutionary
medicine . Israel medical researchers and surgeons have worldwide reputation, in searching for new cures as well in high technology and reliability. Recently, a group of researchers from theWeizmann Institute developed a molecularbiocomputer to assist incancer research .The
Technion - Israel Institute of Technology , meanwhile, is home to Israel's only Nobel laureates in science, Profs.Avram Hershko andAaron Ciechanover , who received theNobel Prize in 2004 for their research onubiquitin , a protein that marks other proteins for destruction. The school is also known for having one of the world's topelectrical engineering faculties as well as the Western world's largestcomputer science faculty.Scientific institutions
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Bar-Ilan University
*Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
*Haifa University
*The Hebrew University ,Jerusalem
*Technion – Israel Institute of Technology ,Haifa
*Tel Aviv University
*Vulcanii Agricultural Institute ,Rishon LeZion
*Weizmann Institute ,Rehovot High-tech companies
* Civilian
**Amdocs
**Check Point
**Chromatis
**El-Op
**Exanet - NAS storage
** Teva - pharmaceuticals
**Ness Technologies - Global software service provider.
**Netafim - computerized drip irrigation, etc.
**M-Systems - Leader in flash memory storage
** Mercury - Leader in Software Quality tools
**Minicom Advanced Systems - Digital Signage and KVM Distribution and Extension Manufacturers
**Zend Technologies - Web infrastructure software, inventors ofPHP .
* Environmental & waste treatment technology
** [http://www.arrowbio.com ArrowBio]mechanical biological treatment and anaerobic digestion
* Securitymilitarygovernmental
**Elbit
**El-Op
**Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI)
**Israel Military Industries (IMI)
**RAFAEL Armament Development Authority
**Soltam Famous Israeli scientists
Nobel laureates
Four Israelis have won science
Nobel Prize s. BiologistsAvram Hershko andAaron Ciechanover of theTechnion shared the Chemistry prize in 2004. Israeli-American psychologistDaniel Kahneman had previously won the 2002 prize in Economics. In 2005Robert Aumann from TheHebrew University also won the prize in Economics.Additionally, 1958 Medicine laureate
Joshua Lederberg was born to Israeli Jewish parents, while 2004 Physics laureateDavid Gross partly grew up in Israel, where he obtained his undergraduate degree.Other scientists
Prominent scientists are listed in List of Israelis.
Related topic
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Economy of Israel
*Mechanical biological treatment Leading area in Israeli innovation in environmental technologyExternal links
* [http://www.borodulincollection.com/israel_color/industry_technology.html Industry and technology] Photo by Lev Borodulin
* [http://www.science.co.il/ Israel Science and Technology Homepage]
* [http://www.isracast.com/tech.asp Isracast Science and technology section] - News on Science and technology from Israel - Updated weekly (English)
* [http://www.isracast.com/tech_news/311204_tech-part1.htm 2004 - The Year in science and technology in Israel]
* [http://www.isracast.com/tech_news/301205_tech_2005.htm 2005 - The Year in science and technology in Israel]
* [http://econ.haifa.ac.il/~dpeled/papers/ste-wp4.pdf Defense R&D and Economic Growth in Israel: A Research Agenda]
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKDN8J2loA8&mode=related&search= Investments in Israel]
* [http://www.israel21c.org Israel21c - A Focus Beyond]
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