Cognate object

Cognate object

In linguistics, a cognate object (or cognate accusative) is a verb's object that is etymologically related to the verb. More specifically, the verb is one that is ordinarily intransitive (lacking any object), and the cognate object is simply the verb's noun form. For example, in the sentence He slept a troubled sleep, sleep is the cognate object of the verb slept. Cognate objects exist in many languages, including various unrelated ones; for example,[1] they exist in Arabic, Chichewa, German, Ancient Greek,[2] Hebrew, Icelandic, Latin,[3] and Russian.

Contents

Examples

English

In English, the construction can occur with a number of intransitive verbs:

  • He slept a troubled sleep. (i.e., He slept, and his sleep was troubled.)
  • He laughed a bitter laugh. (i.e., He laughed bitterly.)
  • He died a painful death. (i.e., He died painfully.)
  • He dreamed a strange dream. (i.e., He dreamed, and his dream was strange.)
  • He walked their walk and talked their talk. (i.e., He walked and talked as they did.)

In some of these cases, the cognate object allows for a simpler construction; in others, it may simply be chosen for idiomatic or rhetorical reasons. In general, the cognate object's modifiers are in some sense modifying the verb: for example, He slept a troubled sleep tells how he slept.

See also

  • Pleonasm (the use of more words than necessary to express an idea)
  • Polyptoton (a stylistic scheme in which words derived from the same root are repeated)

References

  1. ^ Linguist list
  2. ^ Herbert Weir Smyth. A Greek grammar for colleges. page 355, section 1563: cognate accusative
  3. ^ Joseph Henry Allen, James Bradstreet Greenough. New Latin grammar for schools and colleges. p. 243, section 390: cognate accusative.

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • cognate object — Gram. a substantive functioning as the object of a verb, esp. of a verb that is usually intransitive, when both object and verb are derived from the same root. Speech in Speak the speech is a cognate object. [1875 80] * * * …   Universalium

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  • Transitivity (grammatical category) — In linguistics, transitivity is a property of verbs that relates to whether a verb can take direct objects. It is closely related to valency.Traditional grammar makes a binary distinction between transitive verbs such as throw , injure , kiss… …   Wikipedia

  • Intransitive — In*tran si*tive, a. [L. intransitivus: cf. F. intransitif. See {In } not, and {Transitive}.] 1. Not passing farther; kept; detained. [R.] [1913 Webster] And then it is for the image s sake and so far is intransitive; but whatever is paid more to… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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