Epworth sleepiness scale

Epworth sleepiness scale

The Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) is a questionnaire intended to measure daytime sleepiness. This can be helpful in diagnosing sleep disorders. It was introduced in 1991 by Dr Murray Johns of Epworth Hospital in Melbourne, Australia.cite journal |author=Johns MW |title=A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale |journal=Sleep |volume=14 |issue=6 |pages=540–5 |year=1991 |pmid=1798888 |doi=]

The instrument

"How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired? This refers to your usual way of life in recent times. Even if you have not done some of these things recently try to work out how they would have affected you."

"Use the following scale to choose the most appropriate number for each situation:"
* "0 = no chance of dozing"
* "1 = slight chance of dozing"
* "2 = moderate chance of dozing"
* "3 = high chance of dozing"

Interpretation

The score obtained by adding the numbers leads to a total:
* 0 - 9 - average score, normal population
* 10 - 24 - sleep specialist advice recommended

The Epworth sleepiness scale has been validated primarily in obstructive sleep apnea. It is used to measure excessive daytime sleepiness, and is repeated after the administration of treatment (e.g. CPAP) to document improvement of symptoms.cite journal |author=Hardinge FM, Pitson DJ, Stradling JR |title=Use of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to demonstrate response to treatment with nasal continuous positive airways pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea |journal=Respir Med |volume=89 |issue=9 |pages=617–20 |year=1995 |pmid=7494915 |doi=] In narcolepsy, the Epworth sleepiness scale has both a high specificity (100%) and sensitivity (93.5%). cite journal | last=Johns | first=MW | title=Sensitivity and specificity of the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), the maintenance of wakefulness test and the epworth sleepiness scale: failure of the MSLT as a gold standard | journal=Journal of Sleep Research |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=5–11 | date=March 2000 | pmid=10733683 | url=http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/119047612/HTMLSTART | doi=10.1046/j.1365-2869.2000.00177.x | accessdate=2008-07-22 ]

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a related scoring tool of sleep quality. Both scores are internally highly reproducible. cite journal |author=Knutson KL, Rathouz PJ, Yan LL, Liu K, Lauderdale DS | title=Stability of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Questionnaires over 1 year in early middle-aged adults: the CARDIA study | journal=Sleep | volume=29 | issue=11 | pages=1503–6 | year=2006 | pmid=17162998 ]

References

External links

* [http://www.drugdigest.org/DD/HRA/Sleepiness/1,21887,,00.html drugdigest.org]
* [http://www.sleepeducation.com/SleepEval.aspx sleepeducation.com]


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