Haemulidae

This article is about a family of fishes. For other uses of Grunt, see Grunt (disambiguation).

Grunts
Haemulon album
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Perciformes
Family:	Haemulidae
Genera
See text.
Synonyms
Pomadasyidae

The grunts are a family, Haemulidae, of fishes in the order Perciformes. They are numerous and widespread, with about 150 species in 19 genera, found in tropical fresh, brackish and salt waters around the world. They are bottom-feeding predators, and named for their ability to produce sound by grinding their teeth.^[1]

Genera

• Anisotremus Gill, 1861
• Boridia Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830
• Brachydeuterus Gill, 1862
• Conodon Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830
• Diagramma Oken, 1817
• Genyatremus Gill, 1862
• Haemulon Cuvier, 1829
• Haemulopsis Steindachner, 1869
• Hapalogenys Richardson, 1844
• Isacia Jordan and Fesler, 1893
• Microlepidotus Gill, 1862
• Orthopristis Girard, 1858
• Parakuhlia Pellegrin, 1913
• Parapristipoma Bleeker, 1873
• Plectorhinchus Lacepède, 1801
• Pomadasys Lacepède, 1802
• Xenichthys Gill, 1863
• Xenistius Jordan and Gilbert, 1883
• Xenocys Jordan and Bollman, 1890

Timeline

Species

Genus Anisotremus (Gill, 1861) A. scapularis (Tschudi, 1846) - Ecuador, Chile Burrito grunt A. interruptus (Gill, 1862) - USA, Peru, Galapagos Islands Brownstriped grunt A. moricandi (Ranzani, 1842) - Brazil Black margate A. surinamensis (Bloch, 1791) - USA, Bahamas, Mexico, Caribbean, Brazil Carruco sargo A. pacifici (Günther, 1864) - Mexico, Peru Panama porkfish A. taeniatus (Gill, 1861) - Mexico, Peru Porkfish A. virginicus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Bermuda, USA, Brazil, Mexico, Caribbean Silvergrey grunt A. caesius (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) - Mexico, Peru Spotted head sargo A. dovii (Günther, 1864) - USA, Peru Xantic sargo A. davidsonii (Steindachner, 1876) - USA, Mexico Genus Boridia (Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830) Bourriqueta porgy B. grossidens (Cuvier, 1830) Southwest Atlantic Genus Brachydeuterus (Gill, 1862) Bigeye grunt B. auritus (Valenciennes, 1832) Morocco, Angola Genus Conodon (Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1830) Armed grunt C. serrifer (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) USA, Peru Barred grunt C. nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) - USA, Jamaica, Brazil, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Lesser Antilles, Central and South America Lemoneye grunt C. macrops (Hildebrand, 1946) - Colombia, Peru Genus Diagramma (Oken, 1817) Blackfin slatey D. melanacrum (Johnson & Randall, 2001) - Indonesia, Borneo, Philippines D. labiosum (Macleay, 1883) - Red Sea, East Africa, western Pacific Painted sweetlips D. pictum (Thunberg, 1792) - Red Sea, East Africa, Japan, New Caledonia D. punctatum (Cuvier, 1830) - Japan, ID, New Guinea, New Caledonia. Genus Genyatremus (Gill, 1862) Torroto grunt G. luteus (Bloch, 1790) - Colombia, Brazil Genus Haemulon (Cuvier, 1829) Black grunt H. bonariense (Cuvier, 1830) - Greater Antilles, Brazil Bluestriped grunt H. sciurus (Shaw, 1803) - Florida, USA, Brazil, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Bronzestripe grunt H. boschmae (Metzelaar, 1919) - Colombia, French Guiana Caesar grunt H. carbonarium (Poey, 1860) - USA, Bahamas, Yucatan, Mexico, Brazil, Caribbean Chere-chere grunt H. steindachneri (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) - Panama, Brazil, Mexico, Peru Cottonwick grunt H. melanurum (Linnaeus, 1758) - Bermuda, USA, Bahamas, Brazil French grunt H. flavolineatum (Desmarest, 1823) - Bermuda, USA, of Mexico, Brazil, W. Indies, Central America Grey grunt H. scudderii (Gill, 1862) - Mexico, Ecuador, Galapagos Islands Greybar grunt H. sexfasciatum (Gill, 1862) - USA, Panama Grunt H. plumierii (Lacepède, 1801) - USA, Mexico, Caribbean, Brazil, Antilles H. schrankii (Agassiz, 1831) - Brazil H. serrula (Cuvier, 1830) - Martinique Island H. squamipinna (Rocha & Rosa, 1999) - Brazil Sailor's grunt H. parra (Desmarest, 1823) - Bahamas, USA, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil Smallmouth grunt H. chrysargyreum (Günther, 1859) - USA, Bahamas, Yucatan, Mexico, Brazil Spanish grunt H. macrostomum (Günther, 1859) - USA, Antilles, Brazil Spottail grunt H. maculicauda (Gill, 1862) - USA, Mexico, Colombia Striped grunt H. striatum (Linnaeus, 1758) - Bermuda, USA, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil, Caribbean, Antilles Tomtate grunt H. aurolineatum (Cuvier, 1830) - USA, Bermuda, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil White margate H. album (Cuvier, 1830) - USA, Bermuda, Bahamas, Brazil, W. Indies Yellowspotted grunt H. flaviguttatum (Gill, 1862) - Mexico, Ecuador Genus Haemulopsis (Steindachner, 1869) Elongate grunt H. elongatus (Steindachner, 1879) - Mexico, Panama Shining grunt H. nitidus (Steindachner, 1869) - Gulf of California, Peru White grunt H. leuciscus (Günther, 1864) - Gulf of California to Peru Yellowstripe grunt H. axillaris (Steindachner, 1869) - Mexico to Ecuador Genus Isacia (Jordan and Fesler, 1893) Cabinza grunt I. conceptionis (Cuvier, 1830) - Peru, Chile, Nicaragua Genus Microlepidotus (Gill, 1862) Humpback grunt M. brevipinnis (Steindachner, 1869) - USA, Panama Wavyline grunt M. inornatus (Gill, 1862) - Mexico, USA Genus Orthopristis (Girard, 1858) Sheephead grunt O. cantharinus (Jenyns, 1840) - Mexico, Ecuador, Galapagos Islands Brassy grunt O. chalceus (Günther, 1864) - Mexico, Panama, Galapagos Islands Pigfish O. chrysoptera (Linnaeus, 1766) - USA, Bermuda, Mexico O. forbesi (Jordan & Starks, 1897) - Galapagos Islands Scalyfin grunt O. lethopristis (Jordan & Fesler, 1889) - Galapagos Islands Corocoro cubano O. poeyi (Scudder, 1868) - Cuba Bronze-striped grunt O. reddingi (Jordan & Richardson, 1895) - Gulf of California Corocoro grunt O. ruber (Cuvier, 1830) - Honduras, Brazil Genus Parakuhlia (Pellegrin, 1913) Dara P. macrophthalmus (Osório, 1893) - Senegal, Angola Genus Parapristipoma (Bleeker, 1873) Guinean grunt P. humile (Bowdich, 1825) - Distribution is difficult to establish because this species is often confused with Parapristipoma octolineatum P. macrops (Pellegrin, 1912) - Spain, Portugal, Angola, Mediterranean African striped grunt P. octolineatum (Valenciennes, 1833) - Angola Chicken grunt P. trilineatum (Thunberg, 1793) - Japan, East China Sea, Taiwan

Genus Plectorhinchus (Lacepède, 1801) Barred rubberlip P. plagiodesmus (Fowler, 1935) Biglip grunt P. macrolepis (Boulenger, 1899) - Senegal, Angola Blackspotted rubberlip P. gaterinus (Forsskål, 1775) - Red Sea, S Africa, Mauritius, Madagascar, Comoro I. Bronzestriped grunt P. taeniatus (McKay & Randall, 1995) - Arabian Peninsula Celebes sweetlips P. celebicus (Bleeker, 1873) - Moluccas, Papua New Guinea, Ryukyu Islands, Great Barrier Reef, Micronesia Crescent sweetlips P. cinctus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) - Arabian Sea, Japan Dusky rubberlip P. chubbi (Regan, 1919) Somalia, Kenya, India, S Africa, ID. Giant sweetlips P. obscurus (Günther, 1872) Harlequin sweetlips P. chaetodonoides (Lacepède, 1801) - Maldives, Cocos Islands, Sumatra, Fiji, New Caledonia, Ryukyu I., Rowley Shoals Harry hotlips P. gibbosus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1853) Indian Ocean Oriental Sweetlips P. vittatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Lesson's thicklip P. lessonii (Cuvier, 1830) Lemon sweetlip P. flavomaculatus (Cuvier, 1830) Lined grunt P. punctulatus (Rüppell, 1838) - Red Sea, Gulf of Oman Lined sweetlips P. gaterinoides (Smith, 1962) Many-lined sweetlips P. multivittatus (Macleay, 1878) Minstrel sweetlip P. schotaf (Forsskål, 1775) Oriental sweetlips P. orientalis (Bloch, 1793) - E Africa, Samoa, Japan, New Caledonia, Palau, Micronesia P. faetela (Forsskål, 1775) P. harrawayi (Smith, 1952) P. macrospilus (Satapoomin & Randall, 2000) P. nigrus (Cuvier, 1830) - Indo-Pacific P. trifasciatus (Fowler, 1937) - Australia, Thailand, Papua New Guinea P. umbrinus (Klunzinger, 1870) P. punctatissimus (Playfair, 1868) P. unicolor (Macleay, 1883) Painted Sweetlip P. picus (Cuvier, 1830) - Seychelles, Japan Parrot grunt P. perotaei (Cuvier, 1830) - Mauritania, Angola Pigsnout grunt P. rogerii (Cuvier, 1830) - Mauritania, Angola Red patched grunter P. unimaculatus (Tian, 1982) - China, Malaysia Ribboned sweetlips P. polytaenia (Bleeker, 1852) Rubberlip grunt P. mediterraneus (Guichenot, 1850) - Spain, Portugal, Namibia, Mediterranean Sea, Canary I. Sordid rubberlip P. sordidus (Klunzinger, 1870) Sri Lanka sweetlips P. ceylonensis (Smith, 1956) - Sri Lanka Striped grunter P. striatus (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) - Mozambique, S Africa, Red Sea, Gulf of Suez Striped sweetlips P. diagrammus (Linnaeus, 1758) Trout sweetlips P. pictus (Tortonese, 1936) - Persian Gulf, Sri Lanka, China Two-striped sweetlips P. albovittatus (Rüppell, 1838) - Red Sea, Celebes, Taiwan, Tonga, Mozambique Whitebarred rubberlip P. playfairi (Pellegrin, 1914) Yellowbanded sweetlips P. lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758) - Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia Yellow-lined grunter P. quadrilineatus (Shen & Lin, 1984) - China, Japan Yellow-striped sweetlips P. chrysotaenia (Bleeker, 1855) - Singapore, Philippines, Solomon I., Ryukyu I, Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia Zebra sweetlip P. paulayi (Steindachner, 1895) Genus Pomadasys (Lacepède, 1802) Banded grunter P. furcatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - Somalia, Mozambique, Madagascar, S Africa, Sri Lanka, Red Sea, Indonesia Bastard grunt P. incisus (Bowdich, 1825) - Strait of Gibraltar, Angola Bigspine grunt P. empherus (Bussing, 1993) - Costa Rica Bluecheek silver grunt P. argyreus (Valenciennes, 1833) - Pakistan, Sri Lanka, SE Asia Burro Grunt P. crocro Cock grunter P. multimaculatum (Playfair, 1867) - Africa, Australia Javelin grunter P. kaakan (Cuvier, 1830) - Red Sea, Africa, SE Asia, Taiwan, Australia Longhead grunt P. auritus (Cuvier, 1830) - China, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia Longspine grunt P. macracanthus (Günther, 1864) - Mexico, Ecuador Manylined grunter P. laurentino (Smith, 1953) - Mozambique Olive grunt P. olivaceus (Day, 1875) - Namibia, Africa, Madagascar, Arabia, India, Malaysia Panama grunt P. panamensis (Steindachner, 1876) - Gulf of California, Peru P. guoraca (Cuvier, 1829) - Africa, Philippines P. hasta (Bloch, 1790) - Indo-West Pacific Purplemouth grunt P. bayanus (Jordan & Evermann, 1898) - USA, Mexico, Peru Roughneck grunt P. corvinaeformis (Steindachner, 1868) - Mexico, Caribbean, Antilles, Brazil Saddle grunt P. maculatus (Bloch, 1793) - Indian Ocean, China, Australia Sand grunt P. branickii (Steindachner, 1879) - Mexico, Peru Silver grunt P. argenteus (Forsskål, 1775) - Red Sea, Philippines, Persian Gulf, Japan, Australia, New Caledonia Smallspotted grunter P. commersonnii (Lacepède, 1801) - India, Oman, S Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar Sompat grunt P. jubelini (Cuvier, 1830) - Mauritania, Angola Yellowback grunt P. aheneus (McKay & Randall, 1995) - Oman Genus Xenichthys (Gill, 1863) X. agassizii X. rupestris Longfin salema X. xanti Genus Xenistius (Jordan and Gilbert, 1883) Californian salema X. californiensis X. peruanus Genus Xenocys (Jordan and Bollman, 1890) X. jessiae

See also

• List of fish families

External links

• SplashingTime.com

References

1. ^ Johnson, G.D. & Gill, A.C. (1998). Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N.. ed. Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 184. ISBN 0-12-547665-5. 

• Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Haemulidae" in FishBase. March 2006 version.
• Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology 364: p.560. http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class. Retrieved 2011-05-19.