1770

Year 1770 (MDCCLXX) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 11-day-slower Julian calendar).

Events of 1770

January - June

* January 1 - Foundation of Fort George, Bombay laid by Colonel Keating, principal engineer, on the site of the former Dongri Fort.
* March 5 - Boston Massacre: Five Americans are shot by British troops in an event that helps start the American Revolutionary War 5 years later.
* April 19 - British explorer Captain James Cook, and his crew aboard the "Endeavour", become the first recorded Europeans to encounter the eastern coastline of the Australian continent.
* May 7 - Fourteen-year-old Marie Antoinette arrives at the French court.
* May 16 - Marie Antoinette marries Louis-Auguste (who later becomes Louis XVI King of France).
* May 16 - Fireworks lit by Eric Engelbrecht, at the wedding of the crown prince of France in Paris, cause a fire, killing 132 people.
* June 3 - Gasper de Portola and Father Junipero Serra establish Monterey, the "presidio" of Alta California territory for Spain from 1777-1822, United Mexican States 1824-1846, until the California Republic.

July - December

* July 1 - Comet Lexell (D/1770 L1) passes the Earth.
* July 5 - Battle of Chesma and Battle of Larga: The Russian Empire defeats the Ottoman Empire in both battles.
* July 21 - Russo-Turkish War, 1768-1774 - Battle of Kagul: Russian commander Pyotr Rumyantsev routs 150,000 Turks.
* August 22 - James Cook claims the eastern coast of New Holland (Australia) for Great Britain.

Undated

* Falkland Crisis (1770)
* Joseph Priestley, British chemist, recommends the use of a rubber to remove pencil marks.
* Joseph Louis Lagrange proves Bachet's Conjecture.

Births

* February 21 - Georges Mouton, Marshal of France (d. 1838)
* March 2 - Louis Gabriel Suchet, Marshal of France (d. 1826)
* March 20 - Friedrich Hölderlin, German writer (d. 1843)
* April 7 - William Wordsworth, English poet (d. 1850)
* April 11 - George Canning, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1827)
* April 25 - Georg Sverdrup, Norwegian philologist (d. 1850)
* April 30 - David Thompson, English-Canadian explorer (d. 1857)
* May 10 - Louis Nicolas Davout, Marshal of France (d. 1823)
* June 7 - Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1828)
* June 20 - Moses Waddel, American educator/minister and bestselling author (d. 1840)
* August 1 - William Clark, explorer, Governor of Missouri Territory, and Superintendent of Indian Affairs (d. 1838)
* August 3 - King Frederick William III of Prussia (d. 1840)
* August 27 - Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, German philosopher (d. 1831)
* December 15/16 - (baptized December 17) Ludwig van Beethoven, German composer (d. 1827)
* December 18 - Nicolas Joseph Maison, Marshal of France and Minister of War (d.1840)

: "See also ."

Deaths

* January 7 - Carl Gustaf Tessin, Swedish politician (b. 1695)
* January 20 - Charles Yorke, Lord Chancellor of Great Britain (b. 1722)
* February 26 - Giuseppe Tartini, Italian composer and violinist (b. 1692)
* March 5 - Crispus Attucks, African-American, first to die in the Boston Massacre (b. 1723)
* March 27 - Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Venetian artist (b. 1696)
* April 25 - Jean-Antoine Nollet, French abbot and physicist (b. 1700)
* May 30 - François Boucher, French painter (b. 1703)
* June 23 - Mark Akenside, English poet and physician (b. 1721)
* July 27 - Robert Dinwiddie, British colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1693)
* August 24 - Thomas Chatterton, English poet (b. 1752)
* September 30 - Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat
* September 30 - George Whitefield, English-born Methodist leader (b. 1714)
* October 18 - John Manners, Marquess of Granby, British soldier (b. 1721)
* November 9 - John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll, Scottish politician
* November 13 - George Grenville, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1712)
* November 24 - Charles-Jean-François Hénault, French historian (b. 1685)
* December 5 - James Stirling, Scottish mathematician (b. 1692)
* October 14 - Benning Wentworth, colonial governor of New Hampshire (b. 1696): "See also ."