1282

Events

War and Politics

* March 30 - The Sicilian rebellion known as the Sicilian Vespers begins against the rule of Angevin King Charles I of Sicily; over the next 6 weeks, thousands of French are killed. The rebellion forces Charles to abandon the Ninth Crusade while still en route to the target city of Constantinople, and allows King Peter III of Aragon to take over rule of the island from Charles (which in turn leads to Peter's excommunication by Pope Martin IV).
* March - Dafydd ap Gruffydd, brother to Prince of Wales Llywelyn the Last, attacks an English castle; his brother feels compelled to support him despite poor preparation for war, quickly leading to the final English conquest of Wales by King Edward I of England.
* Holy Roman Emperor Rudolph I of Germany invests his sons Albert I of Germany and Rudolph II of Austria as co-rulers of the duchies of Austria and Styria, thus founding the Habsburg dynasty in those territories.
* Battle of Vronen: Floris V, Count of Holland defeats the Frisians and retrieves the body of his father, some 26 years dead.
* King Stefan Dragutin of Serbia breaks his leg while hunting and becomes ill; he gives the throne to his younger brother Stefan Milutin.
* Battle of Forlì between Guelphs and Ghibellines: the French army under Pope Martin IV is defeated by Guido da Montefeltro.

Culture and natural disasters

* The technology of watermarks is introduced by paper manufacturers of Bologna, Italy.
* Hertford College is founded at the University of Oxford.
* The Archbishop of Canterbury orders all synagogues of London to close, and forbids Jewish doctors from practicing on non-Jews.
* The form for the Trial of the Pyx, during which it is confirmed that newly-minted coins conform to required standards, is established.
* The most recent eruption of Larderello, a volcano in southern Tuscany, is observed.
* June 26 - King Denis of Portugal marries Elizabeth of Aragon in Trancoso.

Births

* Marguerite of France, daughter of Philip III of France and Queen consort of Edward I of England (d. 1317)
*King Oshin of Armenia (d. 1320)
* Hugh V, Duke of Burgundy (d. 1315)
* Maud Chaworth, Countess of Leicester (d. 1322)
* Pope Innocent VI (d. 1362)
* Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine (d. 1329)
* Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1347)
* Pierre Maury, French shepherd
* Uzbeg Khan, ruler of Golden Horde (d. 1341)

Deaths

* 9 January - Abû 'Uthmân Sa'îd ibn Hakam al Qurashi, Ra'îs of Manûrqa (b. 1204)
* August 25 - Thomas Cantilupe, English saint
* October 13 - Nichiren, Japanese founder of Nichiren Buddhism (b. 1222)
* December 11 - Llywelyn the Last, Welsh Prince of Gwynedd (b. 1228)
* December 11 - Michael VIII Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1225)
* George Acropolites, Byzantine historian and statesman (b. 1217)
* Ahmad Fanakati, Mongol finance official
* Owain Goch ap Gruffydd, Welsh prince
* Abaqa Khan of the Mongol Empire (b. 1234)
* Eleanor de Montfort, last princess of Wales (b. 1252)
* Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Wigmore (b. 1231)