Nansō Satomi Hakkenden

Nansō Satomi Hakkenden (南總里見八犬傳^?, or using simplified kanji, 南総里見八犬伝) is a Japanese 106 volume epic novel by Kyokutei Bakin. Written over a period of nearly thirty years and published from 1814 to 1842, Bakin had gone blind before finishing the tale, and the final parts were dictated to his daughter-in-law Michi to be transcribed. It is translated as Eight Dog Chronicles,^[1] Tale of Eight Dogs,^[2] or Biographies of Eight Dogs.^[3]

Plot summary

Set in the tumultuous Sengoku period (350 years before Bakin lived), Hakkenden is the story of eight samurai brothers and their adventures, with themes of loyalty and family honor, as well as Confucianism, bushido and Buddhist philosophy. An earlier novel serial of Bakin's, Chinsetsu Yumiharizuki (椿説弓張月) had been illustrated by the famous ukiyo-e artist Katsushika Hokusai; however the two had not worked together well. For Hakkenden, Hokusai's son-in-law, Yanagawa Shigenobu was employed as illustrator instead.

There is a complete reprinting in ten volumes available, and various modern Japanese translations, mainly abridged versions. However, only a few chapters are available translated into English, one by Donald Keene^[1] and several by Chris Drake.^[2]

Film, TV and theatrical adaptations

Though hugely popular at the time, Bakin's work lost favour after the Meiji Restoration, but came back into fashion again in the 20th century. There are numerous film adaptions, the first in 1938, then a series in the 1950s, an influential TV series Shin Hakkenden (新八犬伝) during the early 1970s, the 1983 Satomi Hakkenden, and the most recent: a made-for-TV two-part mini-series in early 2006. Perhaps the best known screen version in the west is the 1990s AIC two sequence OVA The Hakkenden.

• Sorcerer's Orb (1954)

• There is also a Kabuki adaptation of the novel
• In August 2006, the Kabukiza put on the play.
• In 1959, the TOEI motion picture company made "Satomi Hakkenden."

Other adaptations

There are manga versions of the story by Aomata Pink, Yoshimura Natsuki and Miyazoe Ikuo, and elements and themes from Hakkenden can be found in a wide range of other work.

In Modern Media

• In the video game Ōkami, the player must seek out the eight Satomi canine warriors, who are characterized and named after the eight virtues of Confucianism. In the game, the warriors are actual dogs who wear a virtue bead in a bandana around their neck. Princess Fuse is also present, but plays the role of their owner or caretaker, instead of their mother (which is the traditional relationship between them).
• This story is also related to two cases in Detective Conan: the first where a dog-lover uses this tale to present his will to his family and all of his dogs are named after the warriors in the story; the second has eight children named after the eight virtues become the targets of a serial murder among them.
• There is a museum devoted to the novel and its scenical adaptation in the Tateyama Castle in Tateyama, Chiba
• In the anime and manga Naruto, Kiba Inuzuka is based on this tale, as well as his clan.
• Data East published Makai Hakkenden Shada in 1989 for the TurboGrafx-16 based on the novel.
• In the manga version of Ginga: Nagareboshi Gin there are eight wolf warriors with special powers, who call themselves the Hakkenshi (八犬士^?), or "Eight Canine Warriors".

References

• ^ Kyokutei Bakin (1819) "Shino and Hamaji". In Keene, Donald (Ed.) ([1955] 1960) Anthology of Japanese Literature: from the earliest era to the mid-nineteenth century, pp. 423–428. New York, NY: Grove Press. ISBN 0-8021-5058-6
• ^ Kyokutei Bakin (1819) "Fusehime at Toyama Cave," "Fusehime's Decision," "Shino in Otsuka Village," "Hamaji and Shino". Translated by Chris Drake in Haruo Shirane (Ed.) (2002) Early Modern Japanese Literature: An Anthology 1600-1900, pp. 885-909. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0231109911

Notes

1. ^ Shirane, Haruo (2002). Early Modern Japanese Literature: an Anthology, 1600-1900. Columbia University Press. p. 886. ISBN 0231109903. 
2. ^ Rimer, J. Thomas (2007). The Columbia Anthology of Modern Japanese Literature: From Restoration to Occupation, 1868-1945. Coughlan Publishing. p. 196. ISBN 0231118619. 
3. ^ Keene, Donald (1955). Anthology of Japanese Literature, From the Earliest Era to the Mid-Nineteenth Century. Grove Press. p. 423. ISBN 0802150586. 

External links

• Original text of Nansō Satomi Hakkenden, first 30 chapters as of 2006 (Japanese)
• The Hakkenden Hakuryu-Tei website and the complete Japanese version