Vero cell

Vero cells are lineages of cells used in cell cultures. ["History and Characterization of the Vero Cell Line -- A Report prepared by CDR Rebecca Sheets, Ph.D., USPHS CBER/OVRR/DVRPA/VVB for the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee Meeting to be held on May 12, 2000 OPEN SESSION" [http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/00/backgrd/3616b1a.pdf www.fda.gov pdf] ]

The "Vero" lineage was isolated from kidney epithelial cells extracted from African green monkey ("Cercopithecus aethiops"). The lineage was developed on 27 Mar 1962, by Yasumura and Kawakita at the Chiba University in Chiba, Japan. cite journal | author = Yasumura Y, Kawakita M| title = The research for the SV40 by means of tissue culture technique | journal = Nippon Rinsho | year = 1963 | volume = 21 | issue = 6 | pages = 1201–1219 | url= http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Yasumura+Kawakita&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en&btnG=Search ] The original cell line was named after an acronym of "Verda Reno" and was matched to the word "Vero", which means "green kidney" and "truth" in esperanto, respectively. [cite book|author = Shimizu B|editor = Seno K, Koyama H, Kuroki T|title=Manual of selected cultured cell lines for bioscience and biotechnology|language=Japanese|year=1993|publisher=Kyoritsu Shuppan|location=Tokyo|pages=299-300|id=ISBN 4-320-05386-9|url=http://www.amazon.co.jp/gp/switch-language/product/4320053869/?ie=UTF8&language=en%5FJP]

"Vero cells" are used for many purposes, including:
* screening for the toxin of "E. coli", first named "Vero toxin" after this cell line, and later called "Shiga-like toxin" due to its similarity to Shiga toxin isolated from "Shigella dysenteriae".
* as host cells for growing virus; for example, to measure replication in the presence or absence of a research pharmaceutical, or testing for the presence of rabies virus.
* as host cells for eukaryotic parasites, specially of the Trypanosomatids.

The Vero cell lineage is continuous and aneuploid. A continuous cell lineage can be replicated through many cycles of division and not become senescent.cite web | title = Main Types of Cell Culture | work = Fundamental Techniques in Cell Culture: a Laboratory Handbook | url = http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/Area_of_Interest/Life_Science/Cell_Culture/Key_Resources/ECACC_Handbook/Cell_Culture_Techniques_5.html | accessdate=2006-09-28] Aneuploidy is the characteristic of having an abnormal number of chromosomes.

Lineages

* "Vero" ( [http://www.atcc.org/catalog/numSearch/numResults.cfm?atccNum=CCL-81 ATCC No. CCL-81] ):Isolated from "C. aethiops" kidney on 27 Mar 1962.
* "Vero 76" ( [http://www.atcc.org/catalog/numSearch/numResults.cfm?atccNum=CRL-1587 ATCC No. CRL-1587] ):Isolated from Vero in 1968.
* "Vero E6" ( [http://www.atcc.org/catalog/numSearch/numResults.cfm?atccNum=CRL-1586 ATCC No. CRL-1586] ):This line is a clone from Vero 76.
* Research strains transfected with viral genes::Vero F6 is a cell transfected with the gene encoding HHV-1 entry protein Glycoprotein-H (gH).cite journal | author = Forrester A, Farrell H, Wilkinson G, Kaye J, Davis-Poynter N, Minson T | title = Construction and properties of a mutant of herpes simplex virus type 1 with glycoprotein H coding sequences deleted. | journal = J Virol | volume = 66 | issue = 1 | pages = 341–8 | year = 1992 | url = http://jvi.asm.org/cgi/reprint/66/1/341 | pmid = 1309250] Vero F6 was transfected via a concatenated plasmid with the gH gene after a copy of the HHV-1 Glycoprotein-D (gD) promoter region. In Vero lineage F6, expression of gH is under the control of the promoter region of gD. (Also "F6B2"; obs. "F6B1.1")

References