Aviation Traders Carvair

infobox Aircraft
name = ATL-98 Carvair
type = Cargo aircraft
manufacturer = Aviation Traders



caption = Aer Lingus Carvair loading a car at Bristol Airport, England, in 1965
designer =
first flight = 21 June 1961
introduced =
retired =
produced =
number built = 21
status =
unit cost =
primary user =
more users =
developed from = Douglas DC-4
variants with their own articles =

The Aviation Traders ATL-98 Carvair was a large piston-engine transport aircraft. It began as a C-54, converted into an air ferry by Freddie Laker's Aviation Traders (Engineering) Limited (ATL), allowing it to carry 25 passengers and five cars, loaded at the front.

Design and development

The nose cone of the original aircraft was replaced with one 8 ft 8 inches longer, the cockpit being raised to allow a sideways hinged nose door. More powerful wheel brakes and an enlarged tail, often thought to be a Douglas DC-7 unit, but actually a completely new design, were added. The engines were four Pratt & Whitney R-2000 Twin Wasp radial engines.

The prototype conversion first flew on 21 June 1961. Twenty-one Carvairs were produced in England, with production of aircraft 1, 11 and 21 at Southend Airport and the balance at Stansted Airport. The final three aircraft were delivered to Ansett Australia, which supplied its own DC-4s to ATL for conversion, unlike the previous 18 aircraft that were purchased by ATL and either sold on or transferred to associate company British United Air Ferries (BUAF). One of the two aircraft still flying in June 2007 is an ex-Ansett airframe. A second Ansett aircraft was abandoned at Phnom-Penh in 1975. The first flight of the last conversion, number 21, for Ansett, was on the 12 July 1968.

ervice

The Carvair was used by Aer Lingus, BUAF and British Air Ferries (BAF) among others, and was used in Congo-Kinshasa during 1960-1964, under contract to the United Nations. Aircraft for Aer Lingus were quickly convertible between 55 seats and 22 seats with five cars. Some aircraft were pure freighters with only nine seats. One aircraft had 55 high-density seats and room for three cars. British Air Ferries were the last operator in Europe of the aircraft, keeping them flying into the 1970s.

British United Carvairs made appearances in the 1964 James Bond movie "Goldfinger" [ [http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/planes/q0061b.shtml Aerospaceweb.org | Ask Us - Carvair in Goldfinger ] ] , and in "The Prisoner" in the episode "The Chimes of Big Ben", where it is seen loading through the nose, taking off and then landing again.

Of the 21 airframes, eight were destroyed in crashes (one each in Rotterdam, Holland 1962; Karachi, Pakistan 1967; Twin Falls, Canada 1968; Le Touquet, France 1971; and four in the USA: Miami, FL 1969; Venetie, AK 1997; Griffin, GA also in 1997; and McGrath, AK in 2007.) Perhaps the best known Carvair crash was the one at Griffin in April 1997, where on its take-off run the (5th production) Carvair suffered catastrophic engine failure, failed to become properly airborne, and crashed into a vacant Piggly Wiggly supermarket past the airport perimeter, killing both pilots.

urvivors

There is just one airworthy example as of April 2008. The Zambian registered 9J-PAA, the 21st and final Carvair built is in South Africa with Phoebus Apollo, but is due to be scrapped by the end of the month. The second (N89FA / "Miss 1944", the 9th Carvair) is based in Denison, Texas, and flies with Gator Global Flying Services on ad-hoc cargo charters throughout the United States. This was the aircraft that participated in the 2005 World Freefall Convention in Rantoul, Illinois, setting the record for the largest number of people to fly in a Carvair when it carried 80 skydivers and five crew to an altitude of 10,500 feet. Piloted by Captain John Harms and Captain Chris Rice, the climb took 38 minutes. The skydivers exited the large freight door at the rear of the aircraft.

Another Carvair (N898AT, the 20th built) had been airworthy but was written off after crashing while landing on 30 May 2007 at the airstrip at Nixon Fork Mine in Alaska [ [http://www.oldwings.nl/content/n898at/n898at.htm Old Wings - Carvair N898AT Wrecked ] ] .

It is believed that the remains of the 7th Carvair still remain on a sand and gravel bar in the Chandalar River near Venetie, Alaska. The cockpit section of the 8th Carvair, CF-EPV remains near the former Halesworth Airfield in Suffolk, England, and the 18th Carvair, ex Aviaco / Dominicana HI-172, is rumored to still exist at the Hotel El Embajador in Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic, as a bar/discotheque.Fact|date=June 2007

pecifications

aircraft specifications
plane or copter?=plane
jet or prop?=prop
crew=2
capacity=
length main= 102 ft 7 in
length alt= 31.27 m
span main= 117 ft 6 in
span alt=35.81 m
height main= 29 ft 10 in
height alt= 9.09 m
area main= 1,462 ft²
area alt= 135.8 m²
airfoil=
empty weight main=41,885 lb
empty weight alt= 18,999 kg
loaded weight main=73,800 lb
loaded weight alt=33,475 kg
useful load main=
useful load alt=
max takeoff weight main=
max takeoff weight alt=
more general=
engine (prop)=Pratt & Whitney R-2000-7M2 Twin Wasp
type of prop=radial engine
number of props=4
power main=1,450 hp
power alt=1,081 kW
power original=
max speed main= 250 mph
max speed alt= 400 km/h
cruise speed main=
cruise speed alt=
never exceed speed main=
never exceed speed alt=
stall speed main=
stall speed alt=
range main= 2,300 miles
range alt= 3,700 km
ceiling main= 18,700 ft
ceiling alt=5,700 m
climb rate main= 650 ft/min
climb rate alt= 3.3 m/s
loading main=
loading alt=
thrust/weight=
power/mass main=
power/mass alt=
more performance=
armament=
avionics=

References

External links

* [http://www1.airliners.net/info/stats.main?id=49 www.airliners.net] - Carvair information page with photos
* [http://www.geocities.com/anjapaul/production.htm www.geocities.com/anjapaul/production] - Carvair production list
* [http://www.ruudleeuw.com/n898at-history.htm www.ruudleeuw.com] - DC-4 to Carvair, c/n 42994 history by Gil White
* [http://www.ruudleeuw.com/temp-carvair-stu.htm www.ruudleeuw.com] - Carvair N898AT restoration photographs
* [http://www.carvair.net www.carvair.net] - Carvair Book website
* [http://www.flyinghigher.net/douglas/N898AT.php www.flyinghigher.net] - Carvair N898AT photographs and history
* [http://avia.russian.ee/air/england/at_carvair.html avia.russian.ee] - Carvair plan view drawings
* [http://aviation-safety.net/database/type/type.php?type=060 aviation-safety.net] - Aviation Traders Carvair Accident Database
* [http://www.aerospaceweb.org/question/planes/q0061b.shtml www.aerospaceweb.org] - Carvair in Goldfinger movie

ee also

aircontent
related=
similar aircraft=
*Bristol Freighter
*Armstrong Whitworth AW.660 Argosy
sequence=
ATL-90 - ATL-98
lists=
see also=