Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union

Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union

Autonomous oblasts of the Soviet Union were administrative units created for a number of smaller nations, which were given autonomy within the republics of the Soviet Union.

Azerbaijan SSR

*Nagorno-Karabakh AO (now Nagorno-Karabakh)

Byelorussian SSR

*Dzierzynszczyzna (1932-1935; Polish Autonomous District)

Georgian SSR

*South Ossetian AO (now South Ossetia)

Russian SFSR

While the 1978 Constitution of the RSFSR specified that the autonomous oblasts are subordinated to the krais, this clause was removed in December 15, 1990 revision, when it was specified that the autonomous oblasts were to be directly subordinated to the Russian SFSR. In June 1991, five autonomous oblasts existed within the RSFSR, four of which were elevated to the status of the republic on July 3, 1991:
*Adyghe Autonomous Oblast (now Republic of Adygea)
*Gorno-Altai Autonomous Oblast (now Altai Republic)
*Jewish Autonomous Oblast (no change)
*Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast (now Karachay-Cherkess Republic)
*Khakas Autonomous Oblast (now Republic of Khakassia)

Other autonomous oblasts also existed at earlier points of the Soviet history:
*Chechen Autonomous Oblast (1922-1936; now Chechen Republic)
*Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Oblast (1944-1957; merged into the Chechen-Ingush ASSR)
*Cherkess Autonomous Oblast (Cherkess National District 1926-1928; Cherkess AO 1928-1957; later merged into Karachay-Cherkess AO)
*Chuvash Autonomous Oblast (1920-1925; now Chuvash Republic)
*Ingush Autonomous Oblast (1924-1936; now Republic of Ingushetia)
*Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Oblast (1921-1936; now Kabardino-Balkar Republic)
*Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast (1920-1935; now Republic of Kalmykia)
*Kara-Kyrgyz Autonomous Oblast (1924-1926; renamed Kyrgyz Autonomous Oblast in 1924, became an autonomous republic in 1926 (Kyrgyz ASSR), a full union republic in 1936 (Kyrgyz SSR), and now the independent state of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan)
*Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous Oblast (1922-1926; 1957-1991)
*Komi-Zyryan Autonomous Oblast (1922-1929; now Komi Republic)
*Mari Autonomous Oblast (1920-1936; now Mari El Republic)
*North Ossetian Autonomous Oblast (1924-1936; now Republic of North Ossetia-Alania)
*Tuvan Autonomous Oblast (1944-1961; now Tuva Republic)
*Udmurt Autonomous Oblast (1920-1934; now Udmurt Republic)

Tajik SSR

*Gorno-Badakhshan AO (now Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province)

Ukrainian SSR

*Marchlewszczyzna (1926-1935; Polish Autonomous District)
*Moldavian AO (1924; became an autonomous republic (Moldavian ASSR only months after its formation, a union republic (Moldavian SSR, and now the Republic of Moldova)

Uzbek SSR

*Karakalpak AO (1925-1932; now Karakalpakstan)

ee also

*Autonomous republics of the Soviet Union
*Autonomous okrugs of the Soviet Union


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