- Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk
Thomas de Mowbray, 4th Earl of Norfolk and 2nd Earl of Nottingham (1385 –
June 8 ,1405 ), English nobleman and rebel, was the son ofThomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk andLady Elizabeth FitzAlan .Upon the death of his father in
Venice , he was allowed to succeed him asEarl of Norfolk and Nottingham, but not asDuke of Norfolk . He also received his father's title ofEarl Marshal , but on a strictly honorary basis, the military rank being held byRalph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland as the Marshal of England. He was betrothed toConstance Holland , daughter ofJohn Holland, 1st Duke of Exeter , then a child, but the marriage was never consummated.A quarrel over precedence with
Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick supposedly led to his estrangement from the court of Henry IV. Disaffected, he became involved with the latest rebellion of the Percies in the north, and raised an army withRichard le Scrope ,Archbishop of York . Deserted by the Earl of Northumberland, Norfolk and Scrope were brought to book onShipton Moor by a large royal army under John of Lancaster and the Earl of Westmorland. Seeking a parley, they were arrested as soon as they disbanded their followers. When Chief Justice SirWilliam Gascoigne refused to pass sentence upon them before they were tried by their peers, Henry had both summarily beheaded, without color of law, inYork onJune 8 ,1405 . This conspiracy is the main historical context forShakespeare 'sHenry IV, part 2 , and the execution is described with the words "so much for Lancaster".References
* [http://www.thepeerage.com/p10731.htm thePeerage.com]
*Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), . and
*G.E. Cokayne; with Vicary Gibbs, H.A. Doubleday, Geoffrey H. White, Duncan Warrand and Lord Howard de Walden, editors, The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant, new ed., 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959; reprint in 6 volumes, Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, 2000), volume VII
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