Quiroga (surname)

The Quiroga name originates from the valley and locality of Quiroga in the province of Lugo in the Galician region of Spain. Legend has it that in the year 715, a powerful knight defended the entrance to Galicia through the Valley of Quiroga from invasion by the Moors. As weapons, he used iron-tipped stakes which are the basis for the Quiroga coat-of-arms; five silver stakes (spears) positioned vertically on a green (sinople) background.

The first recorded name of the Quiroga lineage is that of Vasco De Quiroga born in the year 1218 during the reign of Fernando III, in the Valley of Quiroga. Branches from the house of Vasco De Quiroga extended through the districts of Monforte, Mondoñedo, Chantada, Quiroga, Lugo, and Sarria. New houses were established in these areas and also in the municipalities of Panton, Lancara, and Cesuras; the parishes of Espasantes, Carballedo, and Lamela; and extending through the regions of A Coruña and León in northern Spain.

Some students of Judaism in Galicia point out that the name Quiroga originated from the flower in Galicia that's called Queiroga by Sephardic Jews to avoid persecution during the Inquisition.

Notable Quirogas throughout history

*Juan Facundo Quiroga (1790-1835) - "Argentine leader of the Andean provinces "
*Ruy Vázquez de Quiroga - "Grand Master of the Order of Alcántara "
*Rodrigo de Quiroga - "Captain General, Governor, Mayor of Chile"
*Fray Gonzalo de Quiroga - "Grand Rector of the Order of San Juan of Jerusalem"
*Fray Alvaro de Quiroga - "Abbot of the Monastery of Samos"
*Vasco de Quiroga - " First Bishop of Michoacán (Mexico)"
*Rodrigo Lopez de Quiroga - "Governor of Milan"
*Gaspar Rodríguez de Quiroga - "Archbishop of Toledo, President of Italy, Advisor to King Felipe II and Grand Chancellor of Spain"
*Horacio Quiroga (1878-1937) - "Author of "The Decapitated Chicken", "The Exile", and Others. "
*Elena Quiroga (1921-1995) - Writer, winner of Premio Nadal.
*Ramon Quiroga - Argentine-Peruvian footballer, 1978 Peruvian World Cup player, who conceded 6 goals to Argentina, which coincided with a scandal, saying he received money from the Argentina side. Argentina needed to score 4 or more goals to qualify.
*Raúl Quiroga - Argentine volleyball player who won the bronze medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics
*Rosita Quiroga - Argentine singer
*Robert Quiroga - (1969-2004) "Boxer" San Antonio Texas's first world boxing champ, Super Flyweight division.

*Yvette Quiroga - (1973- ) "City Council Member, Mayor of Mendota, California.

Quirogas and the New World

A notable Quiroga in the history of New Spain was Bishop Vasco de Quiroga (1470-1565). He was famous for his personal crusade to aid the conquered peoples of Mexico.

Rodrigo De Quiroga Lopez De Sober (1512) traveled to Chile in an expedition of conquest in the year 1540. He became one of the founders of the city of Santiago. He served the role of Mayor of Santiago in 1548, 1558, and 1560. He Founded the Convent of Merced as a burial site for his future descendants and families. Rodrigo held many titles throughout his later years and died on February 25, 1580. He had an illegitimate daughter by the name of Isabel De Quiroga. He later married the mother Inés Suarez who was the first Spanish woman to arrive in Chile. Inés had been the faithful companion of Pedro Valdivia who led the expedition to Chile in 1540.

Several Quirogas traveled to Chile in expeditions and later the house of Quiroga expanded through Chile as many of those travelers settled and created new branches. The most well known was Rodrigo De Quiroga, Mayor of Santiago in the late 1500s. Many Quirogas in Chile followed in his footsteps and became mayors of other cities throughout Chile in the 1600s.

In 1557 Juan De Losada y Quiroga traveled to Chile and became Governor of Ciudad De Los Confines (1560-1563), Constable Major of Santiago (1566). He was knighted to Knight of the Order of Santiago. As a General, he commanded the 500 reinforcements in the Battle of Arauco (1574) and died on May 19, 1575 aboard the ship "Angel Gabriel" in the gulf of the Island of Santo Domingo en route to Chile.

His nephew Nicolás De Quiroga was on that expedition of 1575. Nicolás was promoted to the rank of Captain in 1579, 2nd Lieutenant Major in 1580, and later served as a High Justice. He was married in 1581 to Ana Farra Ferris De Gamboa and the two of them helped to propagate the Quiroga name throughout Chile. Nicolás was also a patron to the Convent of Merced.

Another notable Quiroga was born in 1878 in the river town of Salto, Uruguay; his name was Horacio Quiroga. By the year 1900, the twenty- two-year-old was already published in various literary journals. Horacio published many stories including the following English translated anthologies "The Decapitated Chicken and Other Stories", "South American Jungle Tales", and "The Exile and Other Stories". Horacio was operated for prostate cancer in late 1936 and committed suicide a few months later.

Coat Of Arms

The simplest coat-of-arms contains five silver or white stakes on a green background. As new houses of the Quiroga name were established, the coat-of-arms took on new forms or variations. For instance, the Quiroga coat-of-arms from the Parish of Lamela (Lugo) used a red (gules) background. The house of Quiroga in Puebla De San Julian (Sarria district, Lugo) used a tree and a white or pale silver greyhound on a blue or red background. Descriptions also exist where a lion or black (sable) wolf is substituted for the greyhound. Rodrigo De Quiroga's official seal in Chile was a green tree on a white background with a black wolf passing at the foot of the tree. Another variation was a red castle and three golden rods.