Guayaquil conference

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Ecuador Portal v · Spanish: Conferencia de Guayaquil) was a meeting that took place on July 26, 1822, in Guayaquil, Ecuador, between José de San Martín and Simón Bolívar, to discuss the future of Perú (and South America in general). Overview Monument commemorating the historical conference San Martín had taken his army north from Chile into Peru to attempt to liberate the country from the Spanish Empire. While San Martín was securing independence in Chile and attempting to in Peru, Simón Bolívar had been doing similar acts of freedom and liberation in northern Latin America. Bolívar had freed Venezuela and Colombia from the Spanish and was now turning his eyes to the south towards Peru, the last real Spanish power on the South American continent. It was decided that both San Martín and Bolívar could not take Peru at the same time, there would have be a meeting between the two. As well as Peru, both men had also had their sights set on a port city in Ecuador, Guayaquil. Both men saw this city as valuable and were attempting to persuade the city to join either general’s side. Eventually Bolívar gained the upper hand in the matter and was able to annex Guayaquil to Colombia. It is at this point that the two generals attempt to reach out to each other and arrange a meeting at Guayaquil, so as to avoid “a humiliating scandal” (San Martín's words) of a conflict between the two. San Martín arrived in Guayaquil on July 25, where he was enthusiastically greeted by Bolívar. However, the two men could not come to an agreement, despite their common goals and mutual respect, even when San Martín offered to serve under Bolívar. Both men had very different ideas about how to organize the governments of the countries that they had liberated. Bolívar was in favor of forming a series of republics in the newly independent nations, whereas San Martín preferred the European system of rule and wanted to put monarchies in place. San Martín was also in favor of placing a European prince in power as King of Peru when it was to be liberated. The conference, consequently, was a failure, at least for San Martín.[1] The conference between Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín. It must be noted that the real conference took place inside an office, and not in the countryside as the portrait suggest. San Martín, after meeting with Bolívar for several hours on July 26, stayed for a banquet and ball given in his honor. Bolívar proposed a toast to “the two greatest men in South America: the general San Martín and myself” (Por los dos hombres más grandes de la América del Sud: el general San Martín y yo), whereas San Martín drank to “the prompt conclusion of the war, the organization of the different Republics of the continent and the health of the Liberator of Colombia (Por la pronta conclusión de la guerra; por la organización de las diferentes Repúblicas del continente y por la salud del Libertador de Colombia).[2][3] After the conference, San Martín abdicated his powers in Peru and returned to Argentina. Soon afterward, he left South America entirely and retired in France. San Martín knew that the Spanish forces left in Peru under the viceroy were still too powerful for either the single army of San Martín or Bolívar. It was for this reason that San Martín bowed out and ended his military career, leaving his army to Bolívar for the purpose of using it to liberate Peru from Spanish control. Bolívar completed the liberation of Peru with the help of San Martín’s forces several years later. In fiction The Guayaquil conference inspired a short story by Jorge Luis Borges, Guayaquil, in which he explores the possible psychological relation between San Martín and Bolívar. See also Spanish American wars of independence References ^ Lecuna (1951). ^ Jose de San Martin ^ Biografía del Libertador José de San Martín Further reading Lecuna, Vincente (1951). "Bolívar and San Martín at Guayaquil". The Hispanic American Historical Review 31 (3): 369–393. doi:10.2307/2509398. JSTOR 2509398.  Masur, Gehard (1951). "The Conference of Guayaquil". The Hispanic American Historical Review 31 (2): 189–229. doi:10.2307/2509029. JSTOR 2509029.  Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую Vibrate R. v. Guerin Look at other dictionaries: Guayaquil Conference — ▪ South American history       (July 26–27, 1822), meeting between Simón Bolívar (Bolívar, Simón) and José de San Martín (San Martín, José de), leaders of the South American movement for independence from Spain. Late in 1821, when San Martín s… …   Universalium Guayaquil — /gwah yah keel /, n. 1. a seaport in W Ecuador, on the Gulf of Guayaquil. 823,219. 2. Gulf of, an arm of the Pacific in SW Ecuador. * * * in full Santiago de Guayaquil Largest city (pop., 2001 prelim.: 1,952,029) and chief port, Ecuador. It is… …   Universalium Guayaquil — This article is about the city of Guayaquil. For the canton named after this city, see Guayaquil (canton). Guayaquil From top left to right: The United Nations Statue, Estadio Monumental Banco del Pichincha; Las Peñas, IMAX Malceon 2000, and the… …   Wikipedia German School Guayaquil — Infobox School name = German School Guayaquil native name = Colegio Alemán Humboldt Guayaquil latin name = imagesize = caption = location = streetaddress = Los Ceibos, Calle Dr. Héctor Romero 216 region = city = Guayaquil state = province =… …   Wikipedia José de San Martín — General San Martín redirects here. For the Hamburg Süd ocean liner, see SS General San Martin. General Don José de San Martín 1st President of Peru …   Wikipedia History of Ecuador (1960–1990) — History of Ecuador This article is part of a series Ancient Cultures of Ecuador …   Wikipedia 1822 — Year 1822 (MDCCCXXII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12 day slower Julian calendar). Events of 1822January June [ Chios by Kanaris] * February 9… …   Wikipedia Bolívar, Simón — Bolívar, Simón. Known as “the Liberator.” 1783 1830. South American revolutionary leader who defeated the Spanish in 1819, was made president of Greater Colombia (now Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, and Ecuador), and helped liberate (1823 1834) Peru …   Universalium San Martín, José de — born Feb. 25, 1778, Yapeyú, Viceroyalty of Río de la Plata died Aug. 17, 1850, Boulogne sur Mer, Fr. National hero of Argentina who helped lead the revolutions against Spanish rule in Argentina (1812), Chile (1818), and Peru (1821). Son of a… …   Universalium Curved saber of San Martín — Replica of the curved saber, hold in a museum of Mendoza. The curved saber of José de San Martín is a historic weapon used by Jose de San Martín. Contents 1 History …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. 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