Bourg-en-Bresse

French commune
nomcommune=Bourg-en-Bresse
building of the Ain department
région=Rhône-Alpes
département=Ain
arrondissement=Bourg-en-Bresse
canton=
insee=01053
cp=01000
gentilé=Burgiens
maire=Jean-François Debat
mandat=2008-2014]
intercomm=Bourg-en-Bresse
longitude=5.2289
latitude=46.2056
alt moy=240 m
alt mini=220
alt maxi=273 m
km²=23.86
sans=40,666
date-sans=1999
dens=1704
date-dens=1999

Bourg-en-Bresse (IPA2|buʁkɑ̃bʁɛs; "Bôrg" in Arpitan language) is a commune in eastern France, capital of the Ain department, and was capital of the former province of Bresse ("Brêsse"). It is located 36 km north-northeast of Lyon. The population of the city and suburbs is 57,198, and the population of the metropolitan area is 101,016. The inhabitants of Bourg-en-Bresse are known as "Burgiens" or "Burgiennes".

Geography

Bourg-en-Bresse is located at the western base of the Jura mountains, on the left bank of the Reyssouze, a tributary of the Saône. It's at convert|60|km|mi|0|spell=us North-East of Lyon and at convert|50|km|mi|0|spell=us of Lons-le-Saunier.

History

Roman remains have been discovered at Bourg, but little is known of its early history. Raised to the rank of a free town in 1250, it was at the beginning of the 15th century chosen by the dukes of Savoy as the chief city of the province of Bresse. In 1535 it passed to France, but was restored to Duke Philibert Emmanuel, who later built a strong citadel, which afterwards withstood a six months siege by the soldiers of Henry IV. The town was finally ceded to France in 1601. In 1814 the inhabitants, in spite of the defenceless condition of their town, offered resistance to the Austrians, who put the place to pillage.

Sights

The chief of the older buildings is the church of Notre-Dame ("Cathédrale Notre-Dame-de-l'Annonciation de Bourg-en-Bresse") (16th century), of which the "façade" belongs to the Renaissance; other parts of the church are Gothic. In the interior there are stalls of the 16th century. The other public buildings, including a handsome "préfecture", are modern. The "hôtel de ville" contains a library and the Lorin museum with a collection of pictures, while another museum has a collection of the old costumes and ornaments characteristic of Bresse. Among the statues in the town there is one of Edgar Quinet (1803-1875), a native of Bourg.

The church of Brou, a suburb of Bourg-en-Bresse, is of great artistic interest. Marguerite of Bourbon, wife of Philip II of Savoy, had intended to found a monastery on the spot, but died before her intention could be carried into effect. The church was actually built early in the 16th century by her daughter-in-law Marguerite of Austria, wife of Philibert le Beau of Savoy, in memory of her husband. The exterior, especially the "façade", is richly ornamented, but the chief interest lies in the works of art in the interior, which date from 1532. The most important are the three mausoleums with the marble effigies of Marguerite of Bourbon, Philibert le Beau, and Marguerite of Austria. All three are remarkable for perfection of sculpture and richness of ornamentation. The rood loft, the oak stalls, and the reredos in the chapel of the Virgin are masterpieces in a similar style.

Economy

The manufactures consist of iron goods, mineral waters, tallow, soap and earthenware, and there are flour mills and breweries; and there is considerable trade in grain, cattle and poultry - Poulet de Bresse.

Miscellaneous

Bourg is the seat of a prefect and of a court of assizes, and has a tribunal of first instance, a tribunal and a chamber of commerce, and a branch of the Bank of France. Its educational establishments include "lycées", and training "collèges".

Bourg-en-Bresse was the finish of Stage 6 and the departure of Stage 7 in the 2007 Tour de France.

Births

Bourg-en-Bresse was the birthplace of:
* Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac (1581-1638), mathematician
* Jérôme Lalande (1732-1807), astronomer
* Jean-Bernard Gauthier de Murnan (1748-1796), French officer for the Continental Army and a French General during the French Revolution
* Edgar Quinet (1803-1875), historian and man of letters
* Jacques Pépin (born 1935), noted French chef
* François Clerc (born 1983), football player for Olympique Lyonnais and the French national team
* Paul Fromin, (born 1950), composer and musician (saxophone player)
* Julien Benneteau, (born 1981), tennis player
* Lionel Nallet, (born 14 September, 1976), French international rugby union player (lock), currently playing for Castres Olympique in the Top 14.
* Laurent Gerra, (born 1967), humorist, voices imitator, writer and director.
* Georges Blanc, famous cook.
* Alain Giletti, (born on 9 November, 1939), ice skater, 10 times French champion, 5 times European champion, 4 times vice-champion of Europe and 1 time World champion (1960).
* Jean De Gaulle, grandson of the General De Gaulle.
* André Diethelm, Minister of war under the General De Gaulle's first government.
* Louis Jourdan, painter.
* Jean-Yves Mariotte, architect and paleograph.
* Daniel Morelon, cyclist.
* Jean-Luc Tissot, basketball player.
* Jérôme Monnet, basketball player.
* Paul Filliat, cyclist.

Twin towns

Bourg-en-Bresse is twinned with:
* Bad Kreuznach, Germany
* Aylesbury, England

Additionally, it has established partnerships with:
* San Severo, Italy
* Parma, Italy
* Namur, Belgium
* Córdoba, Spain

ee as well

*Bressan
*Arpitania
*Arpitan language

External link and reference

* [http://www.bourg-en-bresse.org/ City council website] (in French)
*