John Ireland (composer)

John Nicholson Ireland (13 August 1879 – 12 June 1962) was an English composer.

His life

John Ireland was born in Bowdon, near Altrincham, Manchester, into a family of Scottish descent and some cultural distinction. His parents died soon after he entered the Royal College of Music at the age of 14. He studied piano and organ there, and later composition under Charles Villiers Stanford. He subsequently became a teacher at the College himself, his pupils including the socialist composer Alan Bush, Geoffrey Bush (no relation), who subsequently edited or arranged many of Ireland's works for publication, Ernest John Moeran (who admired him) and Benjamin Britten (who found Ireland’s teaching of less interest). He was sub-organist at Holy Trinity Church, Sloane Street, London SW1, and later became organist and choirmaster at St. Luke’s Church, Chelsea, London.

Ireland frequently visited the Channel Islands and was inspired by their landscape. He was evacuated from them just before the German invasion during World War II.

John Ireland was a lifelong bachelor, except for a brief interlude when, in quick succession, he married, separated, and then sought an annulment. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b008cs06] Ireland retired in 1953, settling in the small hamlet of Rock in Sussex, where he lived in a converted windmill for the rest of his life. He died at age 82 in Washington, Sussex of heart failure. He is buried in Shipley churchyard near his home.

His music

From Charles Villiers Stanford, Ireland inherited a thorough knowledge of the music of Beethoven, Brahms and other German classical composers, but as a young man he was also strongly influenced by Debussy and Ravel as well as by the earlier works of Stravinsky and Bartók. From these influences, he developed his own brand of "English Impressionism", related more closely to French and Russian models than to the folk-song style then prevailing in English music.

Like most other Impressionist composers, Ireland favoured small forms and wrote neither symphonies nor operas, although his "Piano Concerto" is among his best works. His output includes some chamber music and a substantial body of piano works, including his best-known piece "The Holy Boy", known in numerous arrangements. His songs to poems by A. E. Housman, Thomas Hardy, Christina Rossetti, John Masefield, Rupert Brooke and others, are a valuable addition to English vocal repertoire, and in the opinion of some are among the best of English art song. Due to his job at St Luke's Church, he also wrote hymns, carols, and other sacred choral music; among choirs he is probably best known for the anthem "Greater love hath no man", often sung in services that commemorate the victims of war. His Communion Service in C is also performed.

Ireland also wrote the score for the Australian film The Overlanders (his only film score), from which an orchestral suite was extracted posthumously by Charles Mackerras. Some of his pieces, such as the popular "A Downland Suite" and "Themes from Julius Caesar", were completed or re-transcribed after his death by his student Geoffrey Bush.

His works

Chamber Works

*Fantasy Sonata (clarinet & piano)
*Holy Boy (cello & piano)
*Sonata for cello & piano
*Sonata for violin & piano No 1
*Sonata for violin & piano No 2
*Phantasie Trio
*Sextet
*Trio No 2 (violin, cello & piano)
*Trio No 3 (violin, cello & piano)

Church music

*Benedictus in F
*Communion service in C
*Greater love hath no man (motet)
*Hills, The (chorus a capella)
*My Song Is Love Unknown (hymn)
*Te Deum in F
*Vexilla Regis (anthem)
*Ex Ore Innocentium (treble voices and organ or piano)

Film Score

*"The Overlanders"

Orchestra

*Comedy Overture
*Downland Suite
*Epic March
*Holy Boy (string orch)
*London Overture
*Mai-Dun
*Meditation on John Keble's Rogation Hymn
*Poem
*Satyricon - Overture
*Symphonic Rhapsody
*Symphonic Studies
*Two Symphonic Studies

Organ

*Alla marcia
*Capriccio
*Elegiac Romance
*Holy Boy
*Meditation on John Keble's Rogation Hymn
*Miniature Suite
*Sursum corda
*Elegy (from Downlands Suite - arr. Alec Rowley)
*Epic March (arr.Robert Gower)

Piano

*Almond Tree
*Aubade
*April
*Ballad of London Nights
*Ballade
*The Boy Bishop
*Columbine
*Darkened Valley
*Decorations
*Equinox
*February's Child
*Grecian Lad
*Greenways
*In Those Days
*Island Spell
*Leaves from a child's sketchbook
*London Pieces
*Merry Andrew
*Month's Mind
*On a Birthday Morning
*Prelude in E flat
*Preludes (1913-5)
*Puck's Birthday
*Rhapsody
*Sarnia
*Sea Idyll
*Soliloquy
*Sonata in E
*Sonatina
*Spring will not wait
*Summer Evening
*Three Pastels
*Towing Path, The
*Two pieces (1921)
*Two Pieces (1924)

Piano and Orchestra

*Concerto in E flat
*Legend

ongs

*During Music
*Hawthorn Time
*Heart's Desire, The
*Holy Boy
*Horn the Hornblower
*I have twelve oxen
*If there were dreams to sell
*If we must part
*Land of Lost Content (song cycle)
*Love and Friendship
*Mother & Child (song cycle)
*My true love hath my heart
*Salley Gardens
*Santa Chiara
*Sea Fever
*Song from o'er the hill
*Songs of the Wayfarer (song cycle)
*Songs Sacred and Profane (song cycle)
*Spring sorrow
*Thomas Hardy Songs
*Three Ravens
*Trellis, The
*Tryst (in Fountain Court)
*Vagabond, The
*What art thou thinking of?
*When I am dead, my dearest

Other (unclassified)

*Bagatelle
*Bed in Summer
*Bells of San Marie
*Berceuse
*Brooks Equinox
*Cavatina
*Concertino Pastorale
*Elegiac Meditation
*The Forgotten Rite
*Scherzo & Cortege
*These things shall be
*Tritons

External links

* [http://www.musicweb.uk.net/ireland/ireland.htm The John Ireland Trust]
* [http://www.musicweb.uk.net/ireland/lace.htm John Ireland] , from an original broadcast by Ian Lace
*ChoralWiki|John Ireland