Carbon nanofiber

Carbon nanofiber

Carbon nanofibers are cylindric nanostructures with graphene layers arranged as stacked cones, cups or plates. Carbon nanofibers with graphene layers wrapped into perfect cylinders are called carbon nanotubes.

ynthesis

Carbon nanofibers are produced from the catalytic decomposition of hydrocarbon gases or carbon monoxide over selected metal particles thatinclude iron, cobalt, nickel, and some of their alloys at temperatures over the range 400±1000°C. This process is termed Catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Applications

*Electron Field emission Sources
*Composite materials
*Scanning probe microscopy tips
*Carrier material for various catalysts in petrochemistry
*In vertically-aligned arrays, a platform for gene delivery. See Impalefection
* for shielding in space

History

One of the first records is probably a patent dated 1889 on synthesis of filamentous carbon by Hughes and Chambers [T. V. Hughes and C. R. Chambers, Manufacture of Carbon Filaments, US Patent No. 405, 480, 1889.] . The first electron microscopy observations of carbon nanofibers were performed in 1950 by Russian group [2L. V. Radushkevich and V. M. Lukyanovich, Zh. Fiz. Khim. 26, 88s1952d] . In USA in 1970s, the deeper studies in this area were led by R. Terry K. Baker and were motivated by the needto inhibit the growth of carbon nanofibers because of the persistent problems caused by accumulation of thematerial in a variety of commercial processes [Ref Baker] . In Japan, Morinobu Endo pioneered the synthesis of carbon nanofibers [ [http://www.nims.go.jp/eng/news/nimsnow/Vol6/No05/NIMSNOWVol6No5.pdf NIMSNOW International Vol.6 No.5 ] ]

External links

* [http://tolik.sciencedom.com/publications/papers/paper40.htm "Vertically aligned carbon nanofibers and related structures: Controlled synthesis and directed assembly"]

* [http://www.wtec.org/loyola/nano/US.Review/09_03.htm Synthesis, properties and applications of graphite nanofibers by R. Terry K. Baker]

References


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