Souvlaki

Souvlaki (Greek: _el. Σουβλάκι) is a popular Greek fast food consisting of small pieces of meat and sometimes vegetables grilled on a skewer. It may be served on the skewer for eating out of hand, in a pita sandwich with garnishes and sauces, or on a dinner plate ready for insertion, often with fried potatoes or pilaf. The meat is traditionally pork in Greece and Cyprus, or in modern times increasingly chicken. In other countries and for tourists, souvlaki may be made with other meats such as beef, lamb and sometimes fish (especially swordfish).

The terminology of souvlaki and its variants is confusing and inconsistent. Depending on the context, the term 'souvlaki' by itself may refer to any of the variants. In some regions and some restaurants, the name shish kebab is used to denote a particular variant of souvlakiFact|date=February 2007 ("e.g." with vegetables on the skewer), but it is essentially a synonym. In many regions, primarily Athens and the south of Greece, a gyros sandwich is nicknamed a 'souvlaki'.

The word "souvlaki" is a diminutive of "souvla" (skewer), itself ultimately derived from the Latin "subula" (awl).

History

Souvlaki is attested in Greece since antiquity and it was known with the name "οβελίσκος" ("obeliskos") [ [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2371909 Obeliskos, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, "A Greek-English Lexicon", at Perseus] ] , dim. of "όβελος" ("obelos"), "spit" [ [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2371912 Obelos, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, "A Greek-English Lexicon", at Perseus] ] , mentioned amongst others in the works of Aristophanes ("Acharnians" 1007, "Clouds" 178, "Wasps" 354, "Birds" 388, 672), Xenophon ("Hellenica" HG3.3.7), Aristotle ("Politics" 1324b19), etc.

Kalamaki

Kalamaki ("little reed") is a synonym for souvlaki proper in Athens, in order to differientate it from other forms of souvlaki.

For "kalamaki", the meat is cubed into 1-inch chunks, marinated overnight in lemon juice and olive oil along with Greek herbs and spices such as oregano, mint, thyme, etc., in a pinch. Then it is skewered on wooden skewers (the "little reeds"), broiled over charcoal, and generously salted and peppered.

Since in Thessaloniki different terminology is used: the word "kalamaki" is derided since it is called consistently and properly a "souvlaki"; a joke suggests that any Athenian visiting Thessaloniki, ask for a "kalamaki" he will be mockingly given a drinking straw (also called "kalamaki").

Souvlaki-merida

Merida means "portion". While souvlaki/kalamaki is eaten plain on hand as a fast food, it is also served as a full plate, served with rice, salad, sauce, and pita bread. Usually it consists of the ingredients of a souvlaki-pita (see below), but laid out on a plate, instead of wrapped together for take-out.

Pita

Pita is a form of unleavened flat round bread with a diameter of approximately 15 cm, used to wrap souvlaki or gyros. It comes pre-baked and will additionally be grilled on the meat drippings just before serving, unless the customer requires that it be not.

Souvlaki-pita

This course consists of souvlaki meat garnished with sliced tomatoes and onions, sauced with tzatziki, and wrapped in a lightly grilled pita. When chicken is used instead of pork meat, tzatziki and onions are replaced with a special sauce and lettuce to be compatible with its taste; Various other garnishes and sauces are possible, including shredded lettuce, paprika, fried potatoes, ketchup, and mustard, though these are considered heretical by purists. It is also called pita-kalamaki. Any of these components may not be included, at the request of the customer. Hungry customers may occasionally request a two-pita wrapping ("diplopito") and/or a double meat serving ("dikalamo").

In Thessaloniki any pita-wrapped souvlaki is referred to as a "sandwich", with its desired ingredients (meat and its method of preparation, plus each and every condiment) meticulously listed by the customer each time.

Gyros-pita

Similar to souvlaki pita. The souvlaki is replaced by gyros (kebab usually made of pork or chicken). This is also nicknamed "souvlaki" in common speech due to its resemblance to the above, and because gyros meat is rotated on a mechanical skewer; despite this, it is never ordered as souvlaki to the waiter or server, to avoid confusion.

Gyros-merida

Like souvlaki merida, gyros merida is the ingredients of a gyros-pita, served on a plate. Replace kalamaki with gyros. Gyros merida is the only related plate that is never called souvlaki.

Cypriot Souvlaki

A large pita, consisting of pork or chicken souvlaki and sheftalia, with tomatoes and cucumbers and white cabbage mixed within. Many seem to think lettuce is added, this is rarely the case, and only for tourists. Raw onion and parsley are very popular with souvlakia in Cyprus, as are pickled green chili peppers. Like all grilled meat dishes in Cyprus, souvlaka and sheftalies (the correct plural) are always accompanied by fresh lemon halves or quarters, and plain thick yoghurt or tzatziki are very popular accompaniments too.

The Pita in which souvlakia and sheftalies are served is a little thicker than the flat pita available in other countries.See also Cypriot Souvla.

References

External links