German Australian

Infobox Ethnic group
group = German Australian


caption = Notable German Australians: Henry Bolte • Mark Schwarzer • Shane Warne flagicon|Germany flagicon|Australia
poptime = German
106,524 (by birth, 2006)
811,541 (by ancestry, 2006)

popplace = Melbourne, Sydney
langs = English, German
rels = Christian, Protestant, Roman Catholic, Lutheran
Amish
related =

German Australians constitute one of the largest ethnic groups in Australia, numbering 811,540 or 4.09 percent of respondents in the 2006 Census. It is the sixth most identified ancestry in Australia behind 'Australian', 'English, 'Irish, 'Scottish' and 'Italian'.

The 2006 Census counted 106,524 Australian residents who were born in Germany.cite web|url=http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ViewData?action=404&documentproductno=0&documenttype=Details&order=1&tabname=Details&areacode=0&issue=2006&producttype=Census%20Tables&javascript=true&textversion=false&navmapdisplayed=true&breadcrumb=POLTD&&collection=Census&period=2006&productlabel=Country%20of%20Birth%20of%20Person%20(full%20classification%20list)%20by%20Sex&producttype=Census%20Tables&method=Place%20of%20Usual%20Residence&topic=Birthplace& |title=20680-Country of Birth of Person (full classification list) by Sex - Australia|format=Microsoft Excel download |publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics |work=2006 Census|accessdate=2008-06-02 Total count of persons: 19,855,288. ] However, 811,541 persons identified themselves as having German ancestry, either alone or in combination with another ancestry.cite web|url=http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ViewData?breadcrumb=POLTD&method=Place%20of%20Usual%20Residence&subaction=-1&issue=2006&producttype=Census%20Tables&documentproductno=0&textversion=false&documenttype=Details&collection=Census&javascript=true&topic=Ancestry&action=404&productlabel=Ancestry%20(full%20classification%20list)%20by%20Sex&order=1&period=2006&tabname=Details&areacode=0&navmapdisplayed=true& |title=20680-Ancestry (full classification list) by Sex - Australia|format=Microsoft Excel download |publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics |work=2006 Census|accessdate=2008-06-02 Total responses: 25,451,383 for total count of persons: 19,855,288.] The 2001 census recorded 103,010 German-born in Australia, although this excludes persons of German ethnicity and culture born elsewhere, such as the Netherlands (1,030), Hungary (660) and Romania (440).

Demographics

According to 2006 census data released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, 70.5% of German born Australians recorded their religion as Christian and 19% as "no religion".

As the level of immigration from Germany has dropped significantly from the 1980s (79% of Australian residents born in Germany arrived before 1980), the German-born population is ageing. 46% of the German-born population was aged sixty years old or older at the time of the 2006 Census.cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/5618AB4511347DC2CA257306000D44C2/$File/2914055002_2006%20(Reissue).xls |format=Excel download|title=2914.0.55.002 2006 Census Ethnic Media Package|date=2007-06-27|accessdate=2008-07-14|publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics|work=Census Dictionary, 2006 (cat.no 2901.0)] As at the 2006 census 40,788 German born Australians (38.3%) speak German at home; more German-born Australians speak English at home (54%). Proficiency in English was self-described by census respondents as very well by 34%, well by 10%, 1% not well (55% didn't state or said not applicable).

Of the Australian residents who were born in Germany, 75,623 or 71% were Australian citizens at the time of the 2006 census.

Immigration history

German religious refugees represented the first major wave of German settlement in Australia, arriving in South Australia in 1838. Some were active as missionaries and explorers in Australia from early in the 19th century, and German prospectors were well-represented in the 1850s gold rushes. In the second half of the century German migrants were prominent in settling the Riverina and Queensland, and there were 45,000 Germans recorded present in Australia by the 1891 census. Up until World War I, German Australians constituted the largest non-British European ethnic group in Australia.

During both World Wars Germans were considered an "enemy within" and a number were interned or deported - or both. The persecution of German Australians also included the closure of German schools, the banning of the German language in government schools, and the renaming of many German place names. To avoid persecution and/or to demonstrate that they commit themselves to their new home, many German Australians changed their names into Anglicised or Francophone variants.

After the Second World War, Australia received a large influx of ethnic German displaced persons and was a significant source of Australia's post war immigrants. In the 1950s and 1960s, German immigration continued under assisted migration programs promoted by the Australian Government. Between June 1949 and July 2000, Germany was the fourth most common birthplace for settler arrivals in Australia after United Kingdom and Ireland, Italy and New Zealand. By 1991, there were 112,000 German-born persons in Australia.

In December 2001, the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs estimated that there were 15,000 Australian citizens resident in Germany.. [cite web|url=http://www.southern-cross-group.org/archives/Statistics/Numbers_of_Australians_Overseas_in_2001_by_Region_Feb_2002.pdf|title=Estimates of Australian Citizens Living Overseas as at December 2001|date=2001-02-14|publisher=Southern Cross Group (DFAT data)|accessdate=2008-07-15] It is not clear what proportion of this number are returned emigrants with Australian citizenship or their German Australian children, and what number is simply other Australians in Germany for business or other reasons.

According to the 2001 Census, the Germany-born are more likely than Australians as a whole to live in South Australia (11.9 per cent to 7.6 per cent) and Victoria (27.0 per cent to 24.7 per cent). They are also more likely to live in rural and regional areas. It is probable their German Australian children share this settlement pattern.

According to census data released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics in 2004, German Australians are, by religion, 21.7 per cent Catholic, 16.5 per cent Anglican, 32.8 per cent Other Christian, 4.2 Other Religions and 24.8 No Religion.

In 2001, the German language was spoken at home by 76,400 persons in Australia. German is the eighth most widely spoken language in the country after English, the Chinese languages, Italian, Greek, Arabic, Vietnamese, Spanish and Tagalog.

Notable German Australians

*Eric Abetz - federal senator and cabinet minister (born Stuttgart; 2001-) *Eric Bana - actor (German mother) *Henry Bolte - Premier of Victoria (1955-1972) *Dieter Brummer - actor *Edmund Resch - Brewer *Ernest Burgmann - Anglican bishop *Wolfgang Degenhardt - artist, Hunter Valley *Carl Ditterich - Australian rules footballer *Tim Fischer - Deputy Prime Minister (1996-1999) *Harry Frei - cricketer *Gotthard Fritzsche - Lutheran settler *Andre Haermeyer - politician, Victoria *Heinrich Haussler - cyclist *George Heinz - Australian rules footballer *Hans Heysen - painter (born Hamburg) *Nora Heysen - painter *Bert Hinkler - aviator *Hermann Homburg - politician *August Kavel - missionary (born Berlin) *Gerard Krefft - zoologist *Ludwig Leichhardt - explorer *Carl Linger - musician and composer *Stewart Loewe - Australian rules footballer *Bertha McNamara - political activist * Sir John Monash - Lieutenant-General in WWI *Ferdinand von Mueller - botanist *David Neitz - Australian rules footballer *Nick Riewoldt - Australian rules footballer *Hermann Sasse - theologian *Manfred Schäfer - football (soccer) player *Mark Schwarzer - football (soccer) player *Wayne Schwass - Australian rules footballer *Gert Sellheim - artist *Wayne Sievers - political activist *Wolfgang Sievers - photographer *Carl Strehlow - missionary *Ted Strehlow - anthropologist *Shane Warne - Cricketer, bowler *Chris Watson - Prime Minister (1904) *Markus Zusak - author ee also * German settlement in Australia * Temple Society Australia * Forty-Eighters * Barossa German * Ethnic Germans * Australian place names changed from German names References Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая? Irakere & Trabuco, En Vivo Poliedro de Caracas Mayo 15' 81 John Driscoll Fitz-Gerald Look at other dictionaries: German settlement in Australia — began in large numbers in 1838, with the arrival of immigrants from Prussia to Adelaide, South Australia. German immigrants became prominent in settling South Australia and Queensland. From 1850 until World War I, German settlers and their… …   Wikipedia German as a minority language — German speaking minorities (Ethnic Germans) live in many countries and on all six inhabited continents: the countries of the former Soviet Union, Poland, Romania, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Belgium, Italy, the United States,… …   Wikipedia German immigration — may refer to:* Immigration to Germany ** Expulsion of Germans after World War II* Immigration from Germany: ** ** German American ** German Australian ** German Brazilian …   Wikipedia Australian rules football in Germany — File:AFLG.png AFL Germany Logo Australian rules football in Germany is currently played by six clubs, with the Australian Football League of Germany (AFLG) the governing body. Contents 1 History 1.1 Divisional Structure 2009 …   Wikipedia German New Guinea — Deutsch Neuguinea German colony ← …   Wikipedia German Shepherd Dog — Other names Alsatian Berger Allemand Deutscher Schäferhund GSD Schäferhund Country of origin Germany Traits …   Wikipedia Australian heavy metal — music has its roots in both the Australian hard rock and pub rock tradition of the 1970s and the American and British heavy metal scenes. Since the mid 80s, Australian heavy metal has been particularly influenced by foreign bands, particularly… …   Wikipedia German's One-toothed Moss Mouse — Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class …   Wikipedia Australian hip hop — music began in the early 1980s; originally it was primarily influenced by hip hop music and culture imported via radio and television from the United States of America. However, since the 1990s, a distinctive local style has developed. Australian …   Wikipedia Australian regional rivalries — refers to the rivalries between Australian cities or regions. Contents 1 Sydney Melbourne rivalry 2 Queensland and southern states 2.1 New South Wales vs Queensland …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”