Kim Young-sam

Infobox President
name = Kim Young-sam


caption =
order = 14th
office = President of South Korea
primeminister = Hwang In Sung
Lee Hoi Chang
Lee Yung Duk
Lee Hong Koo
Lee Soo Sung
Goh Kun
term_start = 25 February 1993
term_end = 25 February 1998
vicepresident =
predecessor = Roh Tae-woo
successor = Kim Dae-jung
birth_date = birth date and age|1927|12|20
birth_place = Geoje, South Gyeongsang, South Korea
death_date =
death_place =
nationality = Korean
party = Democratic Liberal
spouse = Son Myeong-sun
religion = Presbyterian


footnotes =

Infobox Korean name
tablewidth = 265
color = lavender
title = Korean name
hangul = 김영삼
hanja = 金泳三
rr = Gim Yeong-sam
mr = Kim Yŏngsam
hangulho=거산
hanjaho=巨山
rrho=
mrho=

Kim Young-sam (b. 20 December 1927 in Geoje, South Gyeongsang) was the first civilian President of South Korea since a series of dictatorships beginning with Park Chung-hee. Kim Young-sam was inaugurated on 25 February 1993 and served a single 5-year term. He presided over a massive anti-corruption campaign, the arrest of his two predecessors, and an internationalization policy called "Segyehwa".

Life

Kim graduated from Seoul National University in 1952 with a B.A. in Philosophy, and served in the South Korean armed forces during the Korean War. In 1954 he was elected to the National Assembly of South Korea and served nine terms representing districts in Geoje and Busan. He was the youngest ever to serve in the National Assembly.Fact|date=October 2008

He resigned his National Assembly seat when Syngman Rhee attempted to amend the constitution of South Korea and became a leading critic, with Kim Dae-jung, of the military governments of Park Chung-hee and Chun Doo-hwan. He was expelled from the National Assembly for his democratic activities and banned from politics from 1980 to 1985. In 1983, he undertook a 21-day hunger strike protesting the dictatorship of Chun Doo-hwan.

When the first democratic presidential election was held in 1987 after Chun's retirement, Kim Young-sam and Kim Dae-jung ran against each other, splitting the opposition vote and enabling ex-general Roh Tae-woo, Chun's hand-picked successor, to win the election. In 1990, he unexpectedly merged his Peaceful Democracy Party with Roh's ruling D.J.P. (Democratic Justice Party). As the candidate of the center, he defeated Kim Dae-jung in the 18 December 1992 presidential election. He was only the third civilian to hold the office, and the first since 1960.

The Kim Young-sam administration attempted to reform the government and economy. One of the first acts of his government was to start an anti-corruption campaign, requiring government and military officials to publish their financial records, precipitating the resignation of several high-ranking officers and cabinet members. He had Chun and Roh arrested on charges of corruption and treason, winning convictions against both. Kim also granted amnesty to thousands of political prisoners, and removed the criminal convictions of pro-democracy protesters who had been arrested during the Gwangju massacre in the aftermath of the Coup d'état of December Twelfth (which is now officially described as a mutiny).

The anti-corruption campaign was also part of an attempt to reform the "chaebol", the large South Korean conglomerates which dominated the economy. However, implication of corruption on the part of his second son, led to a loss of confidence; his new ministerial party, the DLP lost its narrow majority in the National Assembly in 1996. Kia Motors collapsed soon thereafter, setting off a chain of events which embroiled South Korea in the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis during the last year of his presidency. (South Korean presidents are limited to a single 5-year term according to the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of Korea.)

After his presidency, Kim promoted democracy throughout the world, speaking at events such as "Towards a Global Forum on New Democracies" in Taiwan in January 2007.

Personal life

Kim is a member of the Chunghyun Presbyterian Church [ [http://hamsa.org/append3.htm Spiritual Shift ] ] .

ee also

*History of South Korea
*List of Korea-related topics

References

External links

* [http://www.nndb.com/people/462/000111129 N.N.D.b. (Notable Names Database) - Kim Young-sam]
* [http://www.mofa.gov.tw/webapp/content.asp?cuItem=25192&mp=6 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Rep. of China - H.E Young-sam, Kim, Former Pres. of the Rep. of Korea and his delegation arrived in Taiwan]
* [http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-9311995 Britannia Student Encyclopedia - Kim Young-sam]

succession box
before=Roh Tae-woo
title=President of South Korea
years=1993-1998
after=Kim Dae-jung
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