Halo (visualization technique)
- Halo (visualization technique)
In information visualization, the halo technique is a method for viewing large documents on small screens or display windows, which functions by pointing users to the locations objects out of the visible field. Off-screen objects are surrounded by rings which reach into the border visible field (or window). From the position of the arc-shaped marker, combined with its curvature, users can infer the off-screen location of the object.
Halo has been used to display maps on personal digital assistants and mobile phones. The name of the technique was derived from the metaphor of a streetlamp shining a halo onto the street.The technique was invented by Patrick Baudisch in 2001, while at Xerox PARC,
A similar concept is arrow location, where the direction of objects is represented by a directional marker shown in the border. This variant has been used in 3D video games for several years. Arrow-based techniques convey the direction to off-screen locations, but require additional scale-dependent annotations in order to convey distance. Halo arcs, in contrast, point to a location, which implies direction and distance.
Advantages
* Faster and more reliable comprehension than techniques based on arrows.
* Halo is scale-independent, because arcs point to a location, rather than indicate a (scale-dependent) distance.
* Application designers can use arc color, thickness and texture to convey additional parameters, such as type of off-screen location or desirability.
Disadvantages
* More prone to clutter than arrow-based techniques
* Notion of distance decreases for objects located far away
References
*cite conference | author=Patrick Baudisch, Ruth Rosenholtz | url=http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=642695&coll=ACM&dl=ACM&CFID=57881112&CFTOKEN=20100445 | title=Halo: A Technique for Visualizing Off-Screen Locations | booktitle=Proceedings of ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems | year=2003 | pages=481-488
* [http://www.trnmag.com/Stories/2003/050703/Screen_arcs_widen_view_050703.html Smalley, E. Screen arcs widen view. In Technology Research News (TRNs). May 7, 2002] .
ee also
* [http://patrickbaudisch.com/projects/halo/index.html Halo interactive Flash prototype]
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