The Great Gama

The "Great" Gama (c.1880 - 22nd May 1953 [ [http://www.bodyweight-calisthenics-exercise.com/great-gama.html A Tribute To The Great Gama ] ] or 21st May 1960?) [ [http://www.wrestling-titles.com/personalities/gama/ Great Gama ] ] also known as "Rustam-e-zaman Gama Pahelvan" and "Lion of the Punjab", born "Ghulam Muhammad", in Amritsar, British raj, was a renowned Punjabi (later Pakistani) wrestler and a practitioner of Pehlwani wrestling. He was awarded the Indian version of the World Heavyweight title on October 15, 1910. To this date he is the only wrestler in history who remained undefeated his whole life and his career had spanned more than 50 years. He has been billed as the greatest Pehlwani wrestler in history. During the Partition of India Gama decided to move to Pakistan and lived in Lahore for the rest of his life.

Early life

Kashmiri Muslim wrestler Ghulam Muhammad, whose Punjabi/Indian nickname was "Gama" was born to the renowned Kashmiri wrestler Muhammad Aziz in India. They were of Kashmiri wrestling stock. At the age of five, his father died and Gama was taken care of by his maternal uncle Eida. Maharaja Bhawani Singh, the ruler of Datia (a princely state of the British Raj in Madhya Pradesh) patronized the young wrestler and his brother Imam Bukhsh. Gama was first noticed at the age of ten when he entered a strongman competition, which included many gruelling exercises including Indian squats, which were held in Jodhpur . The contest was attended by more than four hundred wrestlers and young Gama was among the last remaining fifteen wrestlers. At that point the Maharaja of Jodhpur announced Gama as the victor due to his remarkable show of enormous stamina and dedication among the many older wrestlers.

Career

First Encounters with Raheem Sultani Wala

Fame came to Gama at the age of 19 when he challenged the then Wrestling Champion of India, Raheem Baksh Sultani Wala. At 6'9" tall with an impressive record, Raheem was thought to easily defeat the 5' 7" Gama, but the bout continued for hours and eventually ended in a draw. The contest with Raheem was the turning point in Gama's career. After that, he was looked upon as the next contender for the title Champion of India. In the first bout Gama remained defensive, but in a second match, Gama was more offensive. Gama was bleeding from his nose and ears but he managed to destroy the lungs and heart of Raheem Baksh.

Winning the John Bull Belt

By 1910, Gama had defeated all the prominent Indian wrestlers who faced him except the Champion Wala. At this time, he focused his attention to the rest of the world. Accompanied by his younger brother Imam Bukhsh, Gama sailed to England to compete with the Western Wrestlers. In London, Gama issued a challenge that he could throw any three wrestlers in thirty minutes of any weight class. This announcement however was seen as a bluff by the wrestlers and their promoter R.B. Benjamin. For a long time no one came forward to accept the challenge. In order to break the ice, Gama presented another challenge to specific heavy weight wrestlers. He challenged Stanislaus Zbyszko and Frank Gotch, either he would beat them or pay them the prize money and go home. The first professional wrestler to take his challenge was the American Benjamin Roller. In the bout, Gama pinned Roller in 1 minute 40 seconds the first time, and in 9 minutes 10 seconds the other.

The next to accept Gama's challenge was Stanislaus Zbyszko and the date of bout was set to be 10 September 1910. The match was £250 in prize money and the John Bull Belt. Within a minute, Zbyszko was taken down and remained in that position for the remaining 2 hours and 35 minutes of the match. There were a few brief moments when Zbyszko would get up, but he just ended back down in his previous position. The two men were set to face each other again on 17th September 1910. On that date, Zbyszko failed to show up and Gama was announced the winner by default. He was awarded the prize and the John Bull Belt. Receiving this belt entitled Gama to be called Rustam-e-Zamana or World Champion.

Final Encounter with Raheem Sultani Wala

Shortly after his return from England, Gama faced Raheem Bakhsh Sultani Wala in Allahabad. This bout eventually ended the long struggle between the two pillars of Indian wrestling of that time in favor of Gama and he won the title of Rustam-e-Hind or Champion of India. Later in his life when asked about who was his strongest opponent, Gama replied, "Raheem Bakhsh Sultani Wala".

Rematch with Zbyszko

After beating Raheem Bakhsh Sultani Wala, Gama beat Pandit Biddu, who was one of the best wrestlers in India of that time (1916).

In 1922, during a visit to India, the Prince of Wales presented Gama with a silver mace.

Gama did not have any opponents until 1927, when it was announced that Gama and Zbyszko would face each other again. The day finally came in 1928 when both wrestlers met again in Patiala. The result of the bout was drawn quickly when Gama threw Zbyszko in only 42 seconds.He was now known as the "Great wrestler" of the Indian subcontinent.

Remaining career

After soundly beating Zbyszko in 42 seconds, Gama beat Jesse Petersen in February 1929. This bout lasted only one and a half minutes.By the mid 1940's Gama continued to put out challenges but added a stipulation. The stipulation was that anyone who wanted to wrestle the great Gama had to wrestle and defeat Imam first. No one did. This was the last bout that Gama fought during his career and although he did not retire until 1955, he did not find any opponent and retired undefeated as the World Champion. Once he even challenged to stop a train from moving but instead asked the British government in India to make an 11 km stretch fare free for all the Indians but the challenge was put down by the British government.

Before he left Europe Gama not only defeated the Europeans but also defeated many renowned Japanese judo and grappling experts including the famous Matsuya Mada.

The move to Pakistan and subsequent retirement

After the partition of India and subsequent occupation of Kashmir, Gama opted to move to the Islamic state of Pakistan where he lived the rest of his life with his brother, the Indian Champion Imam Bux and his nephews, the famous Bholu Brothers. Once Gama moved to Pakistan he decided to retire and never wrestled in Pakistan. After retiring, he helped to train his nephew Bhollu who held the Pakistani wrestling championship for almost 20 years.Fact|date=August 2008

Death

The Great Gama died in Lahore, Pakistan on 21st May. However, although it is verified he died on the 21st May, it is not clear exactly in which year he died. Some sources mention he died in 1953, other sources say 1960.

Today, a doughnut shaped exercise disc, weighing 95 kgs, used by him for squats, is housed at the National Institute of Sports (NIS) Museum at Patiala [ [http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20011124/windows/main5.htm A rare museum] "The Tribune", November 24, 2001.]

Popular Culture

*In the video game "", Gama appears as the mentor of Joachim Valentine, one of the characters who joins the player's party. Throughout the game, Joachim can challenge Gama to one-on-one matches in order to learn new wrestling moves.
*Darun Mister, one of the characters in the Street Fighter EX series, is obviously based on Gama, from his appearance to his country of origin.
*The name Gama continues to appear in Bollywood and Indian television serials as a symbol of strength, often used humorously.
*Pro wrestler Gadowar Singh Sahota used the stage name of Great Gama during his pro wrestling career.

ee also

* Pehlwani
* Catch wrestling
* Professional wrestling
* Akram Pehlwan
* Aslam Pahalwan
*Premchand Dogra

References

External links

* [http://ejmas.com/jalt/jaltart_noble_0502.htm The Lion of the Punjab – Gama in England, 1910 By Graham Noble]
* [http://www.ejmas.com/jalt/jaltart_noble_0602.htm The Lion of the Punjab – Part II: Stanislaus Zbyszko By Graham Noble]
* [http://www.ejmas.com/jalt/jaltart_noble_0702.htm The Lion of the Punjab – Part III: London, 1910 By Graham Noble]
* [http://www.ejmas.com/jalt/jaltart_noble_0802.htm The Lion of the Punjab – Part IV: Aftermath by Graham Noble]
* [http://bod.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/6/2/45 Subaltern Bodies and Nationalist Physiques: Gama the Great and the Heroics of Indian Wrestling by Joseph Alter, Department of Anthropology at the University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA]
* [http://www.wrestlingmuseum.com/pages/bios/gama.html The Great Gama on WrestlingMuseum.com]
* [http://www.wrestling-titles.com/personalities/gama/ The Great Gama on Wrestling-Titles.com]
* [http://www.wrestlingencyclopedia.com/top100-96.html The Great Gama by Glenn Harrison]