- Désiré Munyaneza
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Désiré Munyaneza Conviction(s) genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes Penalty Life sentence Status Imprisoned Désiré Munyaneza (born 1966) is a Rwandan businessman and convicted war criminal who was living in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, before being imprisoned. He is the first man to be arrested and convicted in Canada on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity, for his role in the 1994 Rwandan Genocide.[1] He was sent to jail in October 2009.
Contents
Arrest
On October 19, 2005, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police announced it had detained Munyaneza under the Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act with charges for two counts of genocide, two counts of crimes against humanity and three counts of war crimes.
Munyaneza was the first person to be arrested under that law, which was passed to give formal recognition to Canada's obligations to the International Criminal Court.
Munyaneza committed the acts near Butare, Rwanda in 1994.[2][3]
Trial
Munyaneza's trial began in March 2007 with the testimony of a woman, identified only as witness C-15, who stated that she had pretended to be dead for three days and smeared her sister's blood on her body in order to hide from Interahamwe gangs. [4] [5]
On April 10, a witness known as C-17 testified that Munyaneza had raped her four times, and that she had witnessed him personally raping and killing others.[6]
On April 11, Munyaneza was severely beaten in his cell at the Rivières-des-Prairies prison by a 17-year-old who had heard about the details of Munyaneza's trial in the media.[7]
On May 22, 2009, Munyaneza, 42 years old, was convicted on seven counts related to genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. The offenses fall under Canada's Crimes Against Humanity and War Crimes Act, which allows residents to be tried for crimes committed abroad. Munyaneza is the first person to be convicted under the Canadian law.[8][9][10] The trial, held in Montreal, saw sixty-six people testify in court.[8] Many had their identities hidden.[8]
Sentence
On October 29, 2009, Munyaneza was sentenced to life in prison with no chance of parole for 25 years.[11][12] It is the lengthiest sentence which can be handed down under Canadian law.[9] Canadian law stated that Munyaneza's criminal activities were the "worst in existence".[9] The judge referred to the sentence as "severe".[9] It is anticipated that Munyaneza will appeal the sentence.[9][13] Munyaneza's lawyer thought he should be imprisoned for just twenty years.[8] Emmanuel Muhawenimena, who said he lost 70 family members in the genocide, said "So many Rwandans in Montreal, across Canada, all over the world, they are happy today."[8]
References
- ^ Austen, Ian (2009-05-22). "Canadian Judge Convicts Rwandan in Genocide". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/23/world/americas/23canada.html?_r=1&partner=rss&emc=rss. Retrieved 2009-0-22.
- ^ "Toronto man charged with Rwandan war crimes". CBC News. 2005-10-19. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2005/10/19/rwanda_051019.html. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
- ^ "No bail for man accused of Rwandan war crimes". CBC News. 2006-04-27. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2006/04/27/war-crimes-bail060427.html. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
- ^ "Woman pretended to be dead for 3 days, war crimes trial hears". CBC News. 2007-03-26. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/montreal/story/2007/03/26/war-crimes.html. Retrieved 2007-03-26.
- ^ Ha, Tu Thanh (2007-04-03). "Horrors of Rwanda slaughter retold at Montreal war-crimes trial". Globe and Mail. http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070403.rwanda04/BNStory/National. Retrieved 2007-04-03.
- ^ Peritz, Ingrid (2007-04-10). "First rape victim testifies at war crimes trial". Globe and Mail. http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070410.wrwanda0410/BNStory/National/home. Retrieved 2007-04-10.
- ^ "Teen inmate charged in Rwandan's prison beating". CBC News. 2007-04-27. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/montreal/story/2007/04/27/qc-munyaneza0427.html. Retrieved 2007-04-27.
- ^ a b c d e "Canada jails Rwandan over genocide". Al Jazeera. 2009-10-30. http://english.aljazeera.net/news/americas/2009/10/200910304444692682.html. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ a b c d e "Canada jails Rwandan war criminal". BBC. 2009-10-29. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8333046.stm. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
- ^ "Quebec court convicts Munyaneza of war crimes in Rwanda". CBC News. 2009-05-22. http://www.cbc.ca/canada/montreal/story/2009/05/22/quebec-rwanda-war-crimes-guilty.html.
- ^ BBC NEWS | Americas | Canada jails Rwandan war criminal
- ^ CTV News | Munyaneza handed life sentence for war crimes
- ^ "Canada court gives Rwandan life term for war crimes". Reuters Africa. 2009-10-29. http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE59S0RK20091029. Retrieved 2009-10-30.
External links
- Article on Munyaneza at Trial Watch
- GREPIH, Working Group in International Criminal and Humanitarian Law, a student organization of the UQAM which supervises the monitoring of the Munyaneza trial.
Canada and war crimesMain Canadian-born individuals convicted of war crimes Canadian-born individuals charged with war crimes Canadian immigrants charged with war crimes Imre Finta, Michael Pawlowski, Stephen Reistetter, Helmut Rauca, Jacob Luitjens, Josip Budimcic, Désiré Munyaneza, Léon Mugesera, Radislav Grujicic. Jacques MungwarereForeigners charged with war crimes by Canada Kurt MeyerCategories:- People of the Rwandan Genocide
- 1966 births
- Living people
- Rwandan emigrants to Canada
- Rwandan people convicted of genocide
- Rwandan people convicted of crimes against humanity
- Rwandan people convicted of war crimes
- Rwandan people imprisoned abroad
- Rwandan prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment
- Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Canada
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