Netops

NetOps is defined as the operational framework consisting of three essential tasks, Situational Awareness (SA) , and Command & Control (C2) that CDRUSSTRATCOM, in coordination with NetOps Community, employs to "operate and defend" the Global Information Grid (GIG) to ensure information superiority. The three essential tasks are as follows:

* GIG Enterprise Management (GEM)
* GIG Network Defense (GND)
* GIG Content Management (GCM)

The synergy achieved by each integrated relationship between any two of the essential tasks (GEM, GND, and GCM) produces the following NetOps desired effects in support of the overall goal of NetOps which is to provide the right information to the edge:

* Assured System and Network Availability
* Assured Information Protection
* Assured Information Delivery

A significant element of NetOps is Situational Awareness (SA), the primary purpose of which is to improve the quality and timeliness of collaborative decision-making. To be useful, much of the SA must be shared in near-real-time by the relevant decision-makers who have the ability to take this information, conduct critical in-depth network analysis and act on those decisions with regards to employment, protection and defense of the GIG.

This shared situational awareness should be derived from common reporting requirements using functionally standardized enterprise-wide management tools and common data information exchange formats. These tools should collect (or receive), and fuse (network management, network defense and configuration management) data in a real time or near real-time fashion to produce defined views of the mission critical GIG information of concern to a commander or NetOps center.

The NetOps Community strives to obtain common visibility of network resources so that they can manage, anticipate and mitigate problems, ensuring uninterrupted availability and protection of the GIG and provide for graceful degradation, self-healing, failover, diversity, and elimination of critical failure points. Through effective visibility, the NetOps community endeavors to attain the three goals of NetOps: Assured System and Network Availability, Assured Information Protection and Assured Information Delivery.

Joint Task Force Global Network Operations

The Joint Task Force-Global Network Operations (JTF-GNO) directs the operation and defense of the Global Information Grid to assure timely and secure Net-Centric capabilities across strategic, operational, and tactical boundaries in support of US Department of Defense's full spectrum of war fighting, intelligence, and business missions.

In 1998 the Department of Defense recognized a growing cyber threat and in response created the Joint Task Force—Computer Network Defense (JTF-CND), which achieved initial operational capability on 30 December 1998 and full operational capability by June 1999.

In the fall of 2000, in accordance with DoD doctrine, JTF-CND became the Joint Task Force—Computer Network Operations (JTF-CNO). In October 2002, the new Unified Command Plan, Change 2, re-aligned JTF-CNO under the United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM

The JTF-CNO began its largest and most comprehensive transformation in April 2004 when the Commander of US Strategic Command approved the Joint Concept of Operations for GIG Network Operations. This “NetOps CONOPS” provided the common framework and command and control structure to conduct the USSTRATCOM Unified Command Plan-assigned mission of Global Network Operations, combining the disciplines of enterprise systems and network management, network defense, and information decision management.

The Secretary of Defense signed a delegation of authority letter on 18 June 2004, designating the Director, DISA as the new Commander of the Joint Task Force-Global Network Operations. With this designation, the new command assumed the responsibility for directing the operation and defense of the GIG.

This transformation enhanced the JTF GNO's mission and objectives in achieving the Joint Vision 2020 Objective Force and the evolving concept of Net-Centricity.

Background

As new concepts such as Network-centric warfare and Joint Vision 2010 arrived in the mid 1990s, it become clear that the center of gravity for U.S. military warfighting capability was shifting towards the network. A corresponding capability was required to move beyond managing the network as a back-office system into a domain of warfighting.

NetOps was originally developed under the leadership of then United States Pacific Command J6 Brigadier General James Bryan during the stand-up of the USCINCPAC Theater C4I Coordination Center (TCCC) at Camp H. M. Smith, Hawaii in 1999. The TCCC initiative was constructed of two distinct components - the technology that formed the vision of the GIG and the NetOps initiative; and the partnerships that made it a reality.

Through its working relationships with DISA, the Service Components, Sub-Unified Commands, JTFs, other CINC TCCC's, and the Joint Staff, USCINCPAC TCCC made the initial strides towards achieving Information Superiority and true enterprise-level processes. The USCINCPAC TCCC was a pilot program for the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence (ASD/C3I) NetOps concept. The NetOps concept began with the development of the architectural framework for NetOps, and a USCINCPAC developed Concept of Operations (CONOPS) outlining the key players and their roles and responsibilities necessary to develop the NetOps construct in the Pacific Theater.

The original NetOps construct consisted of Network Management (NM), Information Assurance (IA), and Information Dissemination Management (IDM). Today the construct has evolved into GIG Enterprise Management (GEM), GIG Network Defense (GND), and GIG Content Management which roughly equates to the intent of the original NetOps concept.

NetOps Vision

“We must change the paradigm in which we talk and think about the network; we must ‘fight’ rather than ‘manage’ the network and operators must see themselves as engaged at all times, ensuring the health and operation of this critical weapons system.” Donald Rumsfeld, United States Secretary of Defense(2001 - 2006)

“This version of the NetOps CONOPS documents the lessons learned by Joint Task Force-Global Network Operations and the NetOps community through operations, exercises, and other events. We will continue to work with the NetOps Community as we translate the concepts set forth in this document into doctrine, policy and joint tactics, techniques, and procedures that strengthen the operations and defense of the Global Information Grid in support of warfighter business and intelligence operations.” General James E. Cartwright, Commander, United States Strategic Command(2004- August 2007)

“The strategic vision for the JTF GNO is to lead an adaptive force that assures the availability, delivery, and protection of the Global Information Grid. The NetOps framework, effects, and organizational relationships described herein formulate a foundation for the operational future of the GIG, but these will not happen automatically, nor will they occur without significant effort from the entire NetOps Community. Attaining the vision will require cooperation, innovation, and execution from all mission partners and everyone who touches the GIG.” (From "Joint Task Force-Global Network Operations Strategic Plan, An Adaptive Force Ensuring Information Delivery", February 2006. The adaptive force assures availability, delivery and protection of infrastructure, systems, and information.) LtGen Charles E. Croom, Commander, JTF GNO.

Mission

The NetOps mission is to operate and defend the GIG. Unlike many missions that are deemed successful at a defined completion date, the NetOps mission is perpetual, requiring continual support to be successful. NetOps provides assured NetCentric services to the DoD in support of full spectrum of warfighting operations, intelligence, and business missions throughout the GIG enterprises, seamlessly, end-to-end. An objective of NetCentric services is to quickly get information to decision makers, with adequate context, to make better decisions affecting the mission and to project their decisions forward to their forces for action. If the decision maker is not getting the needed net-centric services, the GIG NetOps community must collaboratively determine who must take action and how information flow can be optimized. This requires NetOps personnel to have a shared SA as well as the technologies, procedures, and collaborative organizational structures to rapidly assess and respond to system and network degradations, outages, or changes in operational priorities. All functions required to most effectively support GIG operations will be holistically managed.

The effectiveness of NetOps will be measured in terms of availability and reliability of net-centric services, across all domains, in adherence to agreed-upon service levels and policies. The method for service assurance in a NetCentric collaborative environment is to establish operational thresholds, compliance monitoring, and a clear understanding of the capabilities between enterprise service/resource providers and consumers through Service Level Agreements (SLAs). Proper instrumentation of the GIG will enable monitoring of adherence to these SLAs, as well as enable timely decision-making, service prioritization, resource allocation, root cause, and mission impact assessment. Subsequent TTPs and SLAs will be formalized with appropriate implementation policies to enforce compliance.

References

*JTF-GNO Website, March 2008
*JTF GNO Strategic Plan, An Adaptive Force Ensuring Information Delivery, February 2006.
*IA Newsletter, Volume 3, Number 4, USPACOM Theater Network Operations, Ensuring Information Superiority for the 21st Century, dated 1999.
*Joint Vision 2010, dated June 2000.
*Joint Concept of Operations (CONOPS) for Global Information Grid (GIG) NetOps Version 3, dated August 4, 2006.

External links

* [http://iac.dtic.mil/iatac/download/Vol3_No4.pdf IA Newsletter, Volume 3, Number 4, USPACOM Theater Network Operations, Ensuring Information Superiority for the 21st Century]
* [http://iac.dtic.mil/iatac/download/Vol4_No4.pdf IA Newsletter, Volume 4, Number 4, Patnership's - The Key to Success for Pacific Theater Network Operations (NetOps)]
* [http://www.dtic.mil/jv2010/jv2010.pdf Joint Vision 2010]
* [http://www.stratcom.mil/ United States Strategic Command Official Website]
* [https://www.cert.mil/ Joint Task Force Global Network Operations (JTF GNO) - Requires PKI/CAC]
* [http://www.disa.mil/peo-ian/ Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA) Information Assurance/NetOps]
*JTF GNO (Wikipedia)
*United States Strategic Command (Wikipedia)