Jean Louis Marie Poiseuille

Infobox Scientist
name = Jean Louis Marie Poiseuille


birth_date = April 22, 1799
birth_place = Paris
death_date = December 26, 1869
death_place = Paris
residence =
citizenship =
nationality = French
ethnicity =
field = physician and physiologist
work_institutions =
alma_mater = École Polytechnique
doctoral_advisor =
doctoral_students =
known_for = Poiseuille's law
influences =
influenced =
prizes =
religion =
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Jean Louis Marie Poiseuille pwä-'zəi (April 22, 1799 - December 26, 1869) was a French physician and physiologist.

Poiseuille was born in Paris, France.

From 1815 to 1816 he studied at the École Polytechnique in Paris. He was trained in physics and mathematics. In 1828 he earned his D.Sc. degree with a dissertation entitled "Recherches sur la force du coeur aortique." He was interested in the flow of human blood in narrow tubes.

Fluid flow

In 1838 he experimentally derived and in 1840 and 1846 formulated and published Poiseuille's law (or Hagen-Poiseuille law, named also after Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen (1797-1884)). This concerns the voluminal laminar stationary flow of an incompressible uniform viscous liquid (so-called Newtonian fluid) through a cylindrical tube with constant circular cross-section. In other words, it applies to non-turbulent flow of liquids through pipes. It can be successfully applied to blood flow in capillaries and veins, to air flow in lung alveoli, for the flow through a drinking straw or through a hypodermic needle.

:$$Delta P = frac{8 mu L Q}{ pi r^4}

where::Δ"P" is the pressure drop:"L" is the length of pipe:"μ" is the dynamic viscosity:"Q" is the volumetric flow rate:"r" is the radius:"π" is pi

The unit of viscosity, Poise was named after him.

Poiseuille died in Paris.

ee also

*Newtonian fluid
*viscosity

References

*Citation
id = PMID:779509
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/779509
last=Pfitzner
first=J
publication-date=1976 Mar
year=1976
title=Poiseuille and his law.
volume=31
issue=2
periodical=Anaesthesia
pages=273–5